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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/31170
Title: | Crop-crop diversity as a key component of IPM in pigeonpea |
Other Titles: | Crop-crop diversity as a key component of IPM in pigeonpea |
Authors: | ICAR_CRIDA |
ICAR Data Use Licennce: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/PDF/ICAR_Data_Use_Licence.pdf |
Author's Affiliated institute: | ICAR_CRIDA |
Published/ Complete Date: | 2006-04 |
Project Code: | Not Available |
Keywords: | India’s, agricultural, performance , significant ,achievements |
Publisher: | ICAR_CRIDA |
Citation: | Not Available |
Series/Report no.: | Not Available; |
Abstract/Description: | India’s agricultural performance has been one of the most significant achievements after independence. The gains in agricultural development were however more visible in irrigated regions than in rainfed regions resulting in widening disparities. The crop production in rainfed regions is dependent on monsoons and therefore highly risky. Apart from the climate-induced risk, incidence of insect pests and diseases also limit the productivity of rainfed crops, especially when farmers are not in a position to afford chemical-based plant protection measures. In order to mitigate the risk, farmers have diversified their farming systems over years. In the process, inter- and mixed cropping systems, the popular forms of crop-crop diversity, have become more popular in the rainfed regions. These systems provide opportunities to create situations that are less pest-prone compared to the sole crop situations or the monocultures. Efforts were therefore made to identify intercropping systems that attract less pest incidence and when combined with other components of integrated pest management, necessitate least investments on plant protection without significant losses in yields and incomes from pigeonpea, which is an important pulse crops and mostly grown in rainfed conditions. Specifically, an attempt was made to identify the pigeonpea cultivar of appropriate duration, an intercrop in the presence of which the crop suffers less pest incidence and a low external input IPM module for obtaining economic pest management. A three-step methodology was followed to achieve the intended outcome. In the first step, an experiment was conducted at the research farm in order to test different pigeonpea cultivars of different maturity and intercrops. The more effective and efficient combinations along with some other systems suggested by or popular with the farmers were then evaluated in on-farm situation. In the third step, different low external input IPM modules were superimposed on the systems found effective and efficient earlier. Short and medium duration pigeonpeas offered greater degree of protection against insect pest attack. Medium duration pigeonpea, in addition to being attacked by fewer pests, exhibited less flower shedding during dry spells, making it more suitable to dryland conditions. The diversity created by introducing sorghum, greengram and groundnut as intercrops in pigeonpea resulted in a build up of natural enemies of the major pests of pigeonpea and also resulted in less congenial conditions for insect pests. As a result of the changes in microclimate and build up of natural enemies, there was much less pest incidence and damage in pigeonpea intercropped with sorghum, greengram and groundnut compared to sole pigeonpea. Further these systems were more efficient agronomically in terms of Land Equivalent Ratio, aggressivity, competitive ratio and relative crowding coefficient. Economic analysis also showed these intercropping systems to be more profitable than sole pigeonpea. It can be concluded that medium duration pigeonpea intercropped with sorghum, greengram or groundnut is better protected from adverse climate as well as pest attacks, resulting in higher yields and economic returns. The adoption of Low External Input Integrated Pest Management module consisting of sequential application of neem seed kernel extract 5%, neem oil 5%, extract of V. negundo 1/10 w/w, pongamia oil 5%, erection of bird perches and mechanical collection of larvae was found effective in managing/controlling the pests. Choice of medium duration pigeonpea and intercropping with sorghum, greengram or groundnut may be integrated into the effective LEIIPM module as a component. |
Description: | Not Available |
ISSN: | Not Available |
Type(s) of content: | Technical Report |
Sponsors: | Not Available |
Language: | English |
Name of Journal: | Not Available |
Volume No.: | Not Available |
Page Number: | Not Available |
Name of the Division/Regional Station: | Not Available |
Source, DOI or any other URL: | Not Available |
URI: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/31170 |
Appears in Collections: | NRM-CRIDA-Publication |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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Pigeonpea 2006-07.pdf | 1.42 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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