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Title: | LAND RESOURCE INVENTORY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS FOR WATERSHED PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT ADAVALLI-5 (4D4A2P3a) MICROWATERSHED Koppal Taluk and District, Karnataka |
Other Titles: | Not Available |
Authors: | Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar, S.C., K.V. Niranjana, S. Srinivas, M.Lalitha, B.A. Dhanorkar, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh |
ICAR Data Use Licennce: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/PDF/ICAR_Data_Use_Licence.pdf |
Author's Affiliated institute: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning |
Published/ Complete Date: | 2019-12-31 |
Project Code: | Not Available |
Keywords: | Details of Soil Survey, Soil constraints, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil Suitability, Economic Land Evaluation, Watershed Planning, Sujala – III Project |
Publisher: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru & Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (Sujala-III Project) |
Citation: | Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar, S.C., K.V. Niranjana, S. Srinivas, M.Lalitha, B.A. Dhanorkar, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh (2019). “Land resource inventory and socioeconomic status of farm households for watershed planning and development of Adavalli-5 (4D4A2P3a) Microwatershed, Koppal Taluk, Koppal District, Karnataka”, ICAR-NBSS&LUP Sujala MWS Publ.121, ICAR – NBSS & LUP, RC, Bangalore. p.103 & 39. |
Series/Report no.: | 121; |
Abstract/Description: | The land resource inventory of Adavalli-5microwatershed was conducted using village cadastral maps and IRS satellite imagery on 1:7920 scale. The false colour composites of IRS imagery were interpreted for physiography and these physiographic delineations were used as base for mapping soils. The soils were studied in several transects and a soil map was prepared with phases of soil series as mapping units. Random checks were made all over the area outside the transects to confirm and validate the soil map unit boundaries. The soil map shows the geographic distribution and extent, characteristics, classification, behavior and use potentials of the soils in the Microwatershed. The present study covers an area of 481 ha in Koppaltaluk and district, Karnataka. The climate is semiarid and categorized as drought - prone with an average annual rainfall of 662 mm, of which about 424 mm is received during south –west monsoon, 161 mm during north-east and the remaining 77 mm during the rest of the year. An area of about 95 per cent is covered by soils, five per cent by waterbodies, settlements and others. The salient findings from the land resource inventory are summarized briefly below. The soils belong to 9 soil series and 14 soil phases (management units) and 5 land use classes. The length of crop growing period is <90 days and starts from 2nd week of August to 2nd week of November. From the master soil map, several interpretative and thematic maps like land capability, soil depth, surface soil texture, soil gravelliness, available water capacity, soil slope and soil erosion were generated. Soil fertility status maps for macro and micronutrients were generated based on the surface soil samples collected at every 250 m grid interval. Land suitability for growing 28 major agricultural and horticultural crops were assessed and maps showing the degree of suitability along with constraints were generated. Entire area is suitable for agriculture. About 36 per cent of the soils are shallow (25-50 cm), 9 per centis moderately shallow (50-75 cm), 2 per cent moderately deep (75- 100 cm) and 52 per cent has deep to very deep soils (100 ->150 cm). About4per cent of the area is having loamy soils and 95 per cent has clayey soils at the surface. About 55per cent of the area has non-gravelly (<15%) soils, 41 per cent has gravelly soils (15-35 % gravel) and 4 per cent has very gravelly (35- 60% gravel) soils. With respect to available water capacity 4 per cent of the area has very low (<50mm/m), 42per cent of the area has low (51-100 mm/m), 2 per cent medium (101- 150 mm/m) and 51 per cent area has very high (>200mm/m) . An area of about 30 per cent has nearly level (0-1%) lands and 69 per cent has very gently sloping (1-3%) lands . An area of about 37 per cent is slightly eroded (e1) and 62 per cent is moderately eroded (e2) lands. An area of about 3 per centhas neutral (pH 6.5 to 7.3)soils, 3 per cent slightly alkaline(pH 7.3 to 7.8), 3 per cent moderately alkaline (pH 7.8 to 8.4) ,23 per cent strongly alkaline (pH 8.4 to 9.0) and 66 per cent soils are very strongly alkaline (pH>9.0). The Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the soils are dominantly <2 dsm-1indicating that soils are non saline. Organic carbon is low (<0.5%) in about 88 per cent and medium (0.5-0.75%) in 11per cent area of the soils. Available phosphorus is low (<23 kg/ha) in 92 per cent and medium (23-57 kg/ha) in 7per cent of the soils. Available potassium is medium (145-337 kg/ha) in 16 per cent and high (>337 kg/ha) in 83 per cent of the soils. Available sulphur is low (<10 ppm) in 49 per cent, medium (10-20 ppm) in 47 per cent and high (>20 ppm) in 4 per cent area of the soils Available boron is low (<0.5 ppm) in about 13 per cent and medium (0.5-1.0 ppm) in 86per cent area of the soils. Available iron is deficient in 92 per cent of the area and sufficient (>4.5 ppm) in 7per cent of the area. Available zinc is deficient (<0.6 ppm) in97 per cent of the area and sufficient (>0.6 ppm) in 2 per cent of the area. Available manganese and copper are sufficient in the entire area. The land suitability for 28 major crops grown in the microwatershed was assessed and the areas that are highly suitable (S1) and moderately suitable (S2) are given below. It is however to be noted that a given soil may be suitable for various crops but what specific crop to be grown may be decided by the farmer looking to his capacity to invest on various inputs, marketing infrastructure, market price, and finally the demand and supply position. Land suitability for various crops in the microwatershed Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Sorghum 235(49) 50 (10) Pomegranate - 256(53) Maize - - Guava - - Bajra - 17(4) Jackfruit - - Redgram - 245(51) Jamun - 245 (51) Bengal gram 235(49) 66 (14) Musambi 235 (49) 21 (4) Groundnut - 3 (<1) Lime 235 (49) 21 (4) Sunflower 235(49) 22(4) Cashew - - Cotton 235(49) 49(10) Custard apple 235 (49) 69(14) Chilli - - Amla - 304(63) Tomato - - Tamarind 245 (51) Drumstick - 259 (54) Marigold - 284 (59) Mulbery - 116(24) Chrysanthemum - 284 (59) Mango - - Jasmine - 29 (6) Sapota - - Crossandra - 246(51) Apart from the individual crop suitability, a proposed crop plan has been prepared for the 5identified LUCs by considering only the highly and moderately suitable lands for different crops and cropping systems with food, fodder, fibre and other horticulture crops. Maintaining soil-health is vital to crop production and conserve soil and land resource base for maintaining ecological balance and to mitigate climate change. For this, several ameliorative measures have been suggested to these problematic soils like saline/alkali, highly eroded, sandy soils etc., Soil and water conservation treatment plan has been prepared that would help in identifying the sites to be treated and also the type of structures required. As part of the greening programme, several tree species have been suggested to be planted in marginal and submarginal lands, field bunds and also in the hillocks, mounds and ridges. That would help in supplementing the farm income, provide fodder and fuel, and generate lot of biomass which inturn would help in maintaining the ecological balance and contribute to mitigating the climate change. |
Description: | Not Available |
ISSN: | Not Available |
Type(s) of content: | Project Report |
Sponsors: | Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (World Bank Funded) Sujala –III Project |
Language: | English |
Name of Journal: | Not Available |
Volume No.: | Not Available |
Page Number: | p.103 & 39 |
Name of the Division/Regional Station: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru |
Source, DOI or any other URL: | Not Available |
URI: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/44052 |
Appears in Collections: | NRM-NBSSLUP-Publication |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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121.Adavalli-5(4D4A2P3a).pdf | 13.84 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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