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Title: | LAND RESOURCE INVENTORY FOR WATERSHED PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT BHAGYANAGAR-2 (4D4A1X1e) MICROWATERSHED Koppal Taluk and District, Karnataka |
Other Titles: | Not Available |
Authors: | Rajendra Hegde, K.V. Niranjana, S. Srinivas, M.Lalitha, B.A. Dhanorkar, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh |
ICAR Data Use Licennce: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/PDF/ICAR_Data_Use_Licence.pdf |
Author's Affiliated institute: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning |
Published/ Complete Date: | 2019-12-31 |
Project Code: | Not Available |
Keywords: | Details of Soil Survey, Soil constraints, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil Suitability, Economic Land Evaluation, Watershed Planning, Sujala – III Project |
Publisher: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru & Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (Sujala-III Project) |
Citation: | Rajendra Hegde, K.V. Niranjana, S. Srinivas, M.Lalitha, B.A. Dhanorkar, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh (2019). “Land resource inventory watershed planning and development of Bhagyanagar-2 (4D4A1X1e) Microwatershed, Koppal Taluk and District, Karnataka”, ICAR – NBSS & LUP Sujala MWS Publ .420, ICAR – NBSS & LUP, RC, Bangalore. p.133. |
Series/Report no.: | 420; |
Abstract/Description: | The land resource inventory of Bhagyanagar-2 microwatershed was conducted using village cadastral maps and IRS satellite imagery on 1:7920 scale. The false colour composites of IRS imagery were interpreted for physiography and these physiographic delineations were used as base for mapping soils. The soils were studied in several transects and a soil map was prepared with phases of soil series as mapping units. Random checks were made all over the area outside the transects to confirm and validate the soil map unit boundaries. The soil map shows the geographic distribution and extent, characteristics, classification, behavior and use potentials of the soils in the Microwatershed. The present study covers an area of 553 ha in Koppal taluk and district, Karnataka. The climate is semiarid and categorized as drought - prone with an average annual rainfall of 662 mm, of which about 424 mm is received during south –west monsoon, 161 mm during north-east and the remaining 77 mm during the rest of the year. An area of about 29 per cent is covered by soil, <1 per cent by railways and 70 per cent by settlements. The salient findings from the land resource inventory are summarized briefly below The soils belong to 8 soil series and 10 soil phases (management units) and 5 land management units. The length of crop growing period is <90 days and starts from 2nd week of August to 2nd week of November. From the master soil map, several interpretative and thematic maps like land capability, soil depth, surface soil texture, soil gravelliness, available water capacity, soil slope and soil erosion were generated. Soil fertility status maps for macro and micronutrients were generated based on the surface soil samples collected at every 320 m grid interval. Land suitability for growing 31 major agricultural and horticultural crops were assessed and maps showing the degree of suitability along with constraints were generated. Entire area is suitable for agriculture. About 14 per cent moderately shallow (50-75 cm), 3 per cent moderately deep (75- 100 cm), 12 per cent is deep to very deep (100->150cm) soils. About 6 per cent loamy (sandy loam) and 24 per cent has clayey (sandy clay and clay) soils at the surface. Entire area in the microwatershed has non-gravelly (<15%)soils. With respect to available water capacity 14 per cent of the area has very low (<50mm/m), 11 per cent of the area has low (51-100 mm/m) and 5 per cent area is high to very high (151->200mm/m) in available water capacity. Entire area in the microwatershed has very gently sloping (1-3%) lands. An area of about 3 per cent is slightly eroded (e1) and 27 per cent is moderately eroded (e2). An area of about 15 per cent is slightly alkaline (pH 7.3 to 7.8), 10 per cent moderately alkaline (pH 7.8 to 8.4), 4 per cent strongly alkaline (pH 8.4 to 9.0) and <1 per cent very strongly alkaline (pH >9.0). The Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the soils are <2 dsm-1 indicating that soils are non saline. Organic carbon is medium (0.5-0.75%) in 26 per cent and high (>0.75%) in 4 per cent area of the microwatershed. Entire area in the microwatershed is medium (23-57 kg/ha) in available phosphorus. Entire area in the microwatershed is medium (145-337 kg/ha) in available potassium. Available sulphur is low (<10 ppm) in 30 per cent and medium (10-20 ppm) in <1 per cent area of the soils. Available boron is low (<0.5 ppm) in 16 per cent and medium (0.5-1.0 ppm) in 14 per cent area of the microwatershed. Available iron is deficient (<4.5ppm) in 27 per cent and sufficient (>4.5 ppm) in 3 per cent of the area. Available zinc is deficient (<0.6 ppm) in 10 per cent and sufficient (>0.6 ppm) in 20 per cent of the microwatershed. Available manganese and copper are sufficient in the entire area. The land suitability for 31 major agricultural and horticultural crops grown in the microwatershed was assessed and the areas that are highly suitable (class S1) and moderately suitable (class S2) are given below. It is however to be noted that a given soil may be suitable for various crops but what specific crop to be grown may be decided by the farmer looking to his capacity to invest on various inputs, marketing infrastructure, market price, and finally the demand and supply position. Land suitability for various crops in the microwatershed Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Sorghum 52(9) 14 (2) Sapota 37(7) 16(3) Maize 37(7) 30 (5) Pomegranate 37(7) 46(8) Bajra 37(7) 125(23) Guava - 52(10) Redgram 37(7) 30(5) Jackfruit 37(7) 16(3) Bengal gram 16(3) 130(23) Jamun 36(7) 46(8) Groundnut - 76(14) Musambi 52(9) 30(5) Sunflower 52 (9) 14 (2) Lime 52(9) 30(5) Cotton 52(9) 14(2) Cashew - 55(10) Chilli 37(7) - Custard apple 52(9) 112(20) Tomato 37(7) - Amla 37(7) 128(23) Brinjal - 92(17) Tamarind 36(7) 30(5) Onion - 62(11) Marigold 37(7) 30(5) Bhendi - 92(17) Chrysanthemum 37(7) 30(5) Drumstick 37(7) 30(5) Jasmine 37(7) - Mulberry 37(7) 49(9) Crossandra 37(7) - Mango 36(7) 49(9) - - - Apart from the individual crop suitability, a proposed crop plan has been prepared for the 5 identified LMUs by considering only the highly and moderately suitable lands for different crops and cropping systems with food, fodder, fibre and other horticulture crops. Maintaining soil-health is vital for crop production and conserve soil and land resource base for maintaining ecological balance and to mitigate climate change. For this, several ameliorative measures have been suggested to these problematic soils like saline/alkali, highly eroded, sandy soils etc., Soil and water conservation and drainage line treatment plans have been prepared that would help in identifying the sites to be treated and also the type of structures required. As part of the greening programme, several tree species have been suggested to be planted in marginal and submarginal lands, field bunds and also in the hillocks, mounds and ridges. That would help in supplementing the farm income, provide fodder and fuel, and generate lot of biomass which in turn would help in maintaining the ecological balance and contribute to mitigating the climate change. |
Description: | Not Available |
ISSN: | Not Available |
Type(s) of content: | Project Report |
Sponsors: | Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (World Bank Funded) Sujala –III Project |
Language: | English |
Name of Journal: | Not Available |
Volume No.: | Not Available |
Page Number: | p.133. |
Name of the Division/Regional Station: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru |
Source, DOI or any other URL: | Not Available |
URI: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/44063 |
Appears in Collections: | NRM-NBSSLUP-Publication |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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420.Bhagyanagar-2_(4D4A1X1e).pdf | 22.5 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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