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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/2597| Title: | Evaluation and Utilisation of Introduced Musa Germplasm in India. |
| Authors: | Uma S, S.Sathiamoorthy, M.S.Saraswathi, P.Durai, Hari Om Sharma and Anuradha Agarwal. |
| Published/ Complete Date: | 2004-01-01 |
| Keywords: | Banana, Evaluation, Germplasm, Utilization |
| Publisher: | Indian Journals |
| Citation: | Uma S, S.Sathiamoorthy, M.S.Saraswathi, P.Durai, Hari Om Sharma and Anuradha Agarwal. 2004 . Evaluation and Utilisation of Introduced Musa Germplasm in India. Indian J.of Plant Genetic Technology. 18(1):79-81. |
| Abstract/Description: | Banana and plantains (Musa spp.) have got an important niche as a major staple food in India as well as other tropical countries. Their cultivation has become a source of livelihood for the marginal and small farmers across the world. In India, banana and plantains lie interwoven with culture and tradition. India boasts of its polyclonal germplasm with more than 20 varieties contributing to commercial cultivation and over 30 serving as choice cultivars (Vma et aZ., 2002). But almost all varieties are threatened by a wide range of pests and diseases, and constitute the most significant constraint in Musa production. Important diseases of Musa include leaf spots diseases (Sigatoka complex) caused by species of Mycosphaerella, Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, bacterial wilts caused by Erwinia carotovora etc. Viral diseases like Banana bunchy top, Banana bract mosaic, Banana streak and Cucumbermosaic are economically important. Pests include nematodes (RadophoZus similes, PratyZenchus coffeae, MeZoidogyne incognita are important) and the borers (Cosmopolites sordidus and Odoiporus longicollis). Breeding for resistant cultivars and integrated pest and disease management are the only options for sustainable and economically viable banana production. |
| Description: | Banana is one ofthe toughest crops for improvement through breeding, due to inherent sterility. However, genetic improvement of diploids (by crossing and selection) stared in the early 1930s on the principle that with a generally fixed female parental contribution, success of hybrids must depend totally on the positive genetic qualities transmitted by the pollen. Subsequently tetraploid hybrids were developed; Currently efforts are underway to breed new hybridsthrough classical breeding as well as biotechnological methods and to popularize them among growers. Various national and international breeding programmes like Fundaci6n Hondurefia de Investigaci6n Agricola (FHIA), Honduras, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (UTA), Nigeria, Centre de Recherches Regionales sur Bananiers et Plantains Indian J. Plant Genet. Resour. 18(1): (2005) (CRBP), Cameroon, etc. have resulted in the release of more than 25 superior hybrids. The International Network for Improvement of Banana and Plantains (INIBAP), Montpellier, France, is instrumental in developing a network for collection, conservation and distribution ofgermplasm and improved global hybrids. Additionally, an International Musa Testing Programme (IMTP) is a collaborative effort in which elite Musa varieties produced by breeding programmes, as well as promising germplasm accessions from the INIBAP collection, are evaluated in sites worldwide (Orjeda, 2000). IMTP has been running since 1990 as a partnership between National Agriculture Research Systems, INIBAP and breeding programmes. India is a partner in the IMTP in which many hybrids were evaluated. With the National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB), Trichy, Tamil Nadu, as the nodal center, India has four test centersto undertake trials ofevaluation of global hybrids against Fusarium wilt, Sigatoka, nematodes, and performance in farmers' fields. This paper briefly describes the status of introduced hybrids and germplasm of Musa and their extent of utilization in India. |
| Type(s) of content: | Research Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Name of Journal: | Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resource |
| NAAS Rating: | 5.54 |
| Volume No.: | 18(1) |
| Page Number: | 79-81 |
| Name of the Division/Regional Station: | Horticulture |
| Source, DOI or any other URL: | http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.Aspx?target=ijor:ijpgr&volume=18&issue=1&article=065&type=pdf |
| URI: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/2597 |
| Appears in Collections: | HS-NRCB-Publication |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ijpgr-18-1-065.pdf | 223.08 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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