Effect of grazing period management on growth performances of camel in climate change condition

Abstract

In order to decide the optimum time of grazing for camels during hot summer months, 10 growing camel calves were divided into 2 equal groups. First group was sent for grazing during 10:00 h to 16:00 h daily and second group allowed for grazing during thermo neutral period. The climatic variables were recorded daily (April 2012 to March 2013). The average daily gain and total body weight gain in calves sent for grazing during relatively cool parts of day (group 2) was significantly higher as compared to group 1 calves sent as per routine farm schedule. The average intake of fodder and water from manger was higher in group 1 calves. The average DMI from manger for group 1 calves was higher as compared to group 2 calves. The comparative biometrics of camel calves in different grazing management practices revealed that body length, heart girth, height at wither, neck length were significantly (P<0.01) higher in group 2 calves as compared to group 1 calves. After 180 days of experimentation, hump circumference vertical and hind leg length were significantly (P<0.05) increased in group 2 as compared to group 1. Analysis of recorded data of climatic parameters revealed that average maximum temperature was higher during June 2012. The values of THI also were higher in monsoon and post monsoon months hence the practice of sending camel calves during relatively comfortable part of hot and hot humid months was successful in getting good growth. The relative humidity was significantly higher during morning as compared to evening period for all months. The THI was significantly lower during morning as compared to evening hours for all months in different climate for whole year. Economic analysis reveals that the cost of feed per kg body weight gain was quite less in group 2 as compared to group 1. So the practice of grazing of camel calves during cool hours of day remain profitable for farmers by looking at the body weight gain and better body conformation in climate change condition.