Cytomorphological and molecular characterization of inter-specific hybrid between cultivated sunflower and Helianthus argophyllus

Abstract

Aim: To study useful variability generated in an interspecific hybrid between cultivated sunflower inbred (ARM-243B) and silver leaf sunflower H. argophyllus (ARG-2126) through cytomorphological traits and hybrid confirmation by molecular markers. Methodology: The present study on hybridization was undertaken using cultivated sunflower inbred (ARM-243B) and silver leaf sunflower H. argophyllus (ARG-2126). Thirty one morphological characters were recorded of cultivated sunflower (ARM-243B), H. argophyllus (ARG-2126) and interspecific hybrid. A total of 50 PMCs analysed for cytological observations. 62 SSR primers were used for molecular characterisation and hybridity confirmation in interspecific hybrid. Results: Considerable variability was observed in interspecific hybrid, with common traits including branched stems, anthocyanin coloration in petiole and disk florets, leaf petioles, and stems etc. Cytological abnormalities and reduction in pollen fertility indicated that generated interspecific hybrid was true to type . Out of 62 SSR primers, 19 showed parental polymorphism; ORS-1021 showed 10 bp allelic variations in interspecific hybrid in a co-dominant manner and, hence, was used for hybridity confirmation. Further work on the confirmed interspecific hybrid with regard to generation advancement andselection of promising pre-breeding lines withagronomically superior traits is in progress. Interpretation: The results of this investigation showed that interspecific hybridization between cultivated sunflower and H. argophyllus and the transfer of desirable traits into cultivated sunflower is possible.