Recent Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) for Efficient Water Management in Agriculture

Abstract

Climate change reflects long term changes in temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and other climate variables. The factors causing climate change include both natural as well as human factors. Agriculture in India is predominantly monsoon dependent. However, the rise in temperature, uneven rainfall distribution and delayed onset of monsoon have led to drought or flood across different parts of the country. The horticulture crops are exceedingly prone to climate change owing to long economic life of the plant which requires huge initial investment and cultivating these crops has made farmers more vulnerable to climate change. There is a demand for climate smart horticultural practices or interventions which are customized to suit local needs. Strategies like conservation agriculture, natural resources conservation, reforestation, checks on population growth and pollution, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, breeding drought resistant crops, tolerant to pests and diseases, early maturity, etc. are the need of the hour. Use of hi-tech horticulture practices will have to be implemented to meet the ever-changing dynamic challenges that emerged due to climate change. Identi cation of socio-economic factors that affect the adoption of the adaptation and mitigation strategies will help in formulating location specific strategies.