Successful Agroforestry Models for Different Agro-Ecological Regions in India

Abstract

Population of India is expected to touch more than 1500 million by 2030; and land under agriculture is decreasing at a rate 0.03 million (30,000 hectares) per year. Besides this intensive agriculture is putting immense pressure on land to produce more food accelerate the process of soil degradation. Overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and adverse effect on livestock population due to shrinking fodder production are other concerns. Ever increasing challenge of climate change and threats posed by extreme weather further compound the vulnerability of small holders’ livelihoods and food security. Agroforestry has been recognised by more than 140 countries as one of the most effective tools to mitigate and to adopt the adverse effects of climate change; support restoration and arrest degradation of soil; ensure livelihood, food, nutrition, energy, fodder, and increased income for farmers; and to adapt to mitigate climate change. India has been on the forefront of agroforestry research and development. Implementation of a National Agroforestry Policy, a Sub-Mission on Agroforestry, and a National Bamboo Mission clearly demonstrate the commitment and the will of the Government of India to mainstream and implement agroforestry at large scale.