Antioxidant and antiinflammatory secondary metabolites from the Asian green mussel Perna viridis

Abstract

The Asian green mussel, Perna viridis is a nutritious health food in the estuarine and coastal sea beds of the Arabian Sea along the west coast of India. In the present study, bioactivity‐guided purification of the chloroform fraction of the methanolic extract of P. viridis was carried out. The isolated secondary metabolites were characterized by spectroscopic experiments, and their antioxidative/antiinflammatory properties were evaluated. The titled compounds were characterized as 3‐hydroxy‐13‐vinyl‐dodecahydro‐11‐phenanthrenone (1), 4,4,9‐trimethyl‐13‐vinyl‐dodecahydro‐2‐phenanthrenone (2), 11,20‐dihydroxy‐6,6‐dimethyl‐decahydro‐5H‐benzo[h]naphtho[1,2‐c]chromene‐16‐carbaldehyde (3), 16‐acetyl‐20‐hydroxy‐6,6‐dimethyl‐dodecahydro‐5H‐benzo[h]naphtho[1,2‐c]chromen‐12‐one (4), cholest‐5‐en‐3β‐3‐yl‐(30‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐36‐methyleneundeca‐30E,34E‐dienoate) (5), and cholest‐5‐en‐3β‐3‐yl‐((E)‐33‐oxooct‐31‐enoate) (6). No significant differences in the antioxidant activities of the compounds with chromene‐16‐carbaldehyde (3) and chromen‐12‐one (4) functionalities (IC50 0.52–0.68 mg/ml) vis‐à‐vis the positive control, α‐tocopherol (IC50 0.65–0.76 mg/ml) were registered. The studied compounds, 1–4, displayed potential antiinflammatory activities against pro‐inflammatory 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LOX) (IC50 < 1 mg/ml). The balanced hydrophilic–lipophilic properties and lower steric values of the studied compounds, 1–4, were correlated with their bioactive potentials.