KRISHI: Technology Repository

General Part-1

Technology Code:-	:	201713368754969
Organization Details...
Subject Matter Division	:	{{smdOb.smdName}}
Organization Name	:	{{orgOb.orgName}} ,{{orgOb.City}}
Regional Station if any :	:	All Not Applicable {{regOb.orgName}},{{regOb.City}}
AICRP name if any (AICRP)	:	All Not Applicable {{aicrpOb.aicrpName}}
Division name if any	:	Plant Physiology
Principal Inventor	:	M. Murugan
Principal Inventor Designation:	:	Professor
Principal Inventor Email	:	muthupeyan@gmail.com
Principal Inventor Address	:	Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara (KAU)
Co-Inventor Name	:	M. Alagupalamuthirsolai, K. Ashokkumar, A. Anandhi, R. Ravi, J. Rajangam, M.K. Dhanya, K.S. Krishnamurthy
Technology Name	:	Impact and implications of climate change scenarios on Indian Cardamom-Coffee hot spots
Technology Details..
Major resource	:	All Not Applicable {{majorOb.majreName}}
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Technology Related To	:	All Not Applicable {{techrela.tr_name}}
Complete Details of Technology:	:
Objective: Critical analysis and insights into the observed climatic variability and yield of crops to help scientific and farming communities to manage the delicate Indian cardamom-coffee hot spots better. Methodology: Long-term climate data from four representative climate stations located in three south Indian states and productivity data of select crops were subjected to statistical analyses. Future rainfall variability and patterns for all three montane hot spots were also studied. The future climate of small-scale tropical mountains is uncertain and unknown. Global Climate Models (GCMs) are among the most advanced tools that simulate climatic conditions hundreds of years into the future. The scenarios are often used in investigating the potential consequences of anthropogenic climate change and natural climate variability. A scenario is a coherent, internally consistent, and plausible description of a possible future state of the world. Ecological physiology of shade grown cardamom, coffee and black pepper were observed. A farmer�s survey was also conducted to understand the grower�s perception of climate change implications. Summary: The results showed a high variability and change in the observed climatic parameters as well as future change in precipitation and temperature levels based on RCP4.5/8.5 scenarios in all coffee-cardamom hot spots of the southern India. The Indian cardamom hills (ICH)�, one of the two global cardamom hot spots the other being Guatemalan hot spot (Alta Verapaz) (AVP) has experienced larger climatic variability and changes. The changes predominantly occurred both on surface air temperature and rainfall as well as surface soil temperature levels. Since variations in major climatic elements except average annual atmospheric pressure values were very small for the Guatemalan region, the productivity of cardamom has been maintained at higher levels during the last ten years. Annual average daily evaporation values showed decreasing trend for the ICH region, recently, higher values were registered during the low rainfall years. The increase in Indian cardamom productivity has been slow and stagnating for the preceding ten years owing to greater climatic variability and degradation. Generally the decadal averages of annual total rainfall and rainy days showed negative trend for the entire study period in ICH region. The inter-decadal variability in rainfall and surface temperature over ICH was higher for recent years than the previous ones. As a result the pesticide use pattern in ICH region has been altered by ongoing climatic change. Fast degradation of cardamom hill reserves (CHR) and its associated land use change could have been one of the primary reasons for the rapid climate variability and change in the ICH hot spot. The microclimatic condition of Guatemalan cardamom hot spot was strongly influenced and maintained by nearby Atlantic Ocean therefore it is less variable.
Brief Description of Technology Including Salient Features:
Fast degradation of Indian Cardamom Hill Reserves (CHR) and its associated land use change could have been one of the primary reasons for the rapid climate variability and change in the ICH hot spot. The microclimatic condition of Guatemalan cardamom hot spot was strongly influenced and maintained by nearby Atlantic Ocean therefore it is less variable. Uniqueness of the concept: This concept addressed RCP scenario analyses for the hot spots indicate that future air temperature and precipitation levels will vary highly. Further the growth, development, and yield of cardamom, coffee, and black pepper in these hot spots would be vulnerable and impacted negatively, warranting the prioritization of climate mitigation and adaptation strategies
Benefits/Utility	:
This concept addressed RCP scenario analyses for the hot spots indicate that future air temperature and precipitation levels will vary highly. Further the growth, development, and yield of cardamom, coffee, and black pepper in these hot spots would be vulnerable and impacted negatively, warranting the prioritization of climate mitigation and adaptation strategies
TargetUsers/Stake holders	:	Researchers and farmers
Technology Contact..
Name	:	Director
Email	:	director@spices.res.in,director.spices@icar.gov.in
Phone Number	:	0495-2730294
Fax Number	:	0495-2731187
Address	:	ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research,Marikunnu P.O.,Calicut-673012
Keyword for Technology	:	Small cardamom, Climate change, Cardamom-Coffee hot spots, sustainability sustainability

Technology Development Details Part-2

Project Details (Through which technology was developed)	:	Phy. XII (813): Physiological interventions for yield improvement in small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) under weather extremities
Time of Initiation Technology Development	:	6-2017
Time of Completion Technology Development	:	5-2022
Technology Validated by	:	Within ICAR
Technology Validation Details..
Subject Matter Division	:	{{smdOb.smdName}}
Organization Name(if within ICAR)	:	ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research,Calicut
Organization Name(if outside ICAR,Please enter)	:	The research trials have been conducted in two places. 1. ICAR-IISR, RS, Appangala, Kodagu, Karnataka 2. Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara (KAU)
Year of Validation(YYYY)	:	6-2018
Year of Release/Adoption(YYYY)	:	5-2022
Year of Notification	:	7-2023
Notification Reference Number	:	ICAR-HS-IISR-Concept-2023-046

Applies To(Regional Differentiation)Inform Part-3

Location...
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Soil Type/Resource Type..
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Soil great group	:	All Not Applicable {{soilgreat.soilgreatName}}
Soil great sub group	:	All Not Applicable {{soilgreatsub.soilgreatsubName}}
Commodity Details..
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Commodity Type	:	All Not Applicable {{commoditytype.commoditytypeName}}
Commodity Name	:	All Not Applicable {{commodityname.commodityName}}


		completeUpload1713369903_Concept certificate.pdf

KRISHI: Technology Collections Developed by ICAR Institutes