Development of a smart packaging system for monitoring and managing fish spoilage

Abstract

Smart packaging, the combination of active and intelligent packaging, which on the one hand monitors changes in the product and on the other hand acts upon these changes, is a promising concept. In the present study, a smart packaging system combining freshness indicators and antimicrobial film was used for monitoring and managing spoilage of barracuda fish steaks stored at 2 degree celsius. Antimicrobial film was prepared from shrimp shell derived chitosan added with ginger essential oil. GEO incorporation improved antimicrobial activity, antioxidant capacity, water barrier property and thermal stability of CH films. GEO at lower concentrations didn’t significantly affect the mechanical properties of CH film. FTIR spectra indicated that functional groups of phenolic compounds were more recognizable with increasing GEO concentration in CH film. As observed from scanning electron microscopy of the film, presence of GEO resulted in a heterogenous structure in CH film. Volatile base formation and microbial growth in barracuda steaks packed with CH-GEO film were significantly lower than control. pH sensitive dyes were used as freshness indicators to monitor the quality of chill stored barracuda steaks. Among the various dyes used, bromocresol purple was the most effective visual indicator of barracuda deterioration. The results of the present study indicate that CH-GEO film is an effective packaging material with potential bioactivities for improving the keeping quality of fish steaks and synergistic use of freshness indicator and antimicrobial film can provide the consumers a more safe fish.