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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/32431
Title: | Mitigation of green house gas emissions through CDM technologies In Agricultural Drought, Climate change and Rainfed Agriculture |
Other Titles: | Mitigation of green house gas emissions through CDM technologies: In: Agricultural Drought, Climate change and Rainfed Agriculture |
Authors: | ICAR_CRIDA |
ICAR Data Use Licennce: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/PDF/ICAR_Data_Use_Licence.pdf |
Author's Affiliated institute: | ICAR_CRIDA |
Published/ Complete Date: | 2011-01-01 |
Project Code: | Not Available |
Keywords: | Mitigation,emissions,technologies,Agricultural Drought,Rainfed |
Publisher: | ICAR_CRIDA |
Citation: | Not Available |
Series/Report no.: | Not Available; |
Abstract/Description: | Global warming, caused by the increase in concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, has emerged as the most prominent environmental issue all over the world. It is believed to have a considerable impact on agriculture including crops, livestock and fisheries. The Indian agriculture being crucial for ensuring food, nutritional and livelihood security of India is exposed to the stresses arising from climatic variability and climate change. Due to the emissions of methane and nitrous oxide from agricultural soils and livestock, agriculture sector will be a major contributor to the enhanced greenhouse effect. The future scenarios on greenhouse emissions, however show a wide variation in possible trends for these emissions. Foreseeing the potential impact of global warming, the international community under the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with universal membership of 195 countries aims to stabilize the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere and minimize the risks of climate change. The agriculture sector, including forestry and other land use (AFOLU), has been in the forefront of UNFCCC negotiations since 2007 held at the Conference of Parties (COP 13) in Bali, Indonesia. The subsequent negotiations focused mostly on the issue of whether mitigation or adaptation should be the priority in global agriculture in relation to climate change. Some Parties, mostly the developing countries, viewed that adaptation should be the focus of the work programme to be developed for global agriculture. The other group of Parties, mostly of the developed countries, however argued that agriculture could be a potential sink of GHGs without compromising with increasing global food demand. However, both the Parties agreed that there is lot of scope for adaptation in agriculture with co-benefits for mitigation. Keeping in view the importance of agriculture in India and the stipulated principles of the UNFCCC, India urged that adaptation (and not mitigation) should be the focus of work programme to be developed for agriculture. There are very limited cost-effective and simple low carbon technologies, that can be the adopted by resource-poor farmers. The technologies which can reduce xiv C emission and also enhance the food production are costly and yet to be tested in large and diversified agriculture. Such technologies, if found appropriate, should be first tested in large agricultural areas in developing countries like India and then promoted. The world community need to take the decision carefully so that large number of small and marginal farmers in developing and least-developed countries could have access to the benefits of climate financing incentives and carbon markets while contributing to the global mitigation efforts by adopting climate-smart agriculture. Monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) should be essential components for incentivizing shifts in agricultural practices towards climate smart agriculture. The understanding of trends in emission of greenhouse gases, their drivers, and the relation between the two, is essential for comprehending the need for GHGs mitigation. In 2010, the global emission of GHGs was 50,101 Mt CO2 eq. in which the contribution of India was of 2,691 Mt CO2 eq., i.e. about 5% of the total emission. The global agriculture contributed about 11% (5,677 Mt CO2 eq.) to the total global GHGs emission. The share of Indian agriculture was about 7% (403 Mt CO2 eq.) of emission of GHGs from global agriculture. The Indian agriculture contributed 21% to the total GHGs emission from India which was only 1% of the total global emission from all the sources. A comparison of per-capita emission of GHGs from different countries has shown that in 2010, China emitted 4-times and USA 10-times more GHGs than India. However, the per-capita emission has decreased in USA and Brazil but increased in China and India in 2010 compared to that in 1970. The per-capita GHGs emissions from agriculture have decreased from both India and the world in 2010 vis-a-vis 1970. During 1970-2010, the GHGs emissions from Indian agriculture have increased by about 75%. The Increasing use of fertilizers and other agri-inputs and the rising population of livestock are the major drivers for this increase in GHGs emission. The relative contribution of Indian agriculture to the total GHGs emission from all the sectors of the country, however, has decreased from 33% in 1970 to 15% in 2010, whereas the contribution of global agriculture to total emission has increased from about 9% to 10% during the period. This decrease is due to the faster growth and consequently higher emissions from the energy, industry and transport sectors compared to that from the agriculture sector. During 1970-2010, the GHGs emission per ha of land xv under food grains increased by 88%, however, the GHGs emission intensity per ton food grains production decreased by 15%. This decline was due to the increase in agricultural production of the country because of adoption of high-yielding varieties of crops and animal breeds, as well as better crop and animal management practices without appreciable increase in ruminant population and area under rice. The projected trends of GHGs emission from agriculture have shown that under the business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, the emission will increase by 17% by 2030 compared to that in 2010 |
Description: | Not Available |
ISSN: | Not Available |
Type(s) of content: | Book |
Sponsors: | Not Available |
Language: | English |
Name of Journal: | Not Available |
Volume No.: | Not Available |
Page Number: | Not Available |
Name of the Division/Regional Station: | Not Available |
Source, DOI or any other URL: | Not Available |
URI: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/32431 |
Appears in Collections: | NRM-CRIDA-Publication |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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GreenhouseGasEmissionfromIndianAgricultureHPathaketal (1).pdf | 2.81 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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