KRISHI
ICAR RESEARCH DATA REPOSITORY FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
(An Institutional Publication and Data Inventory Repository)
"Not Available": Please do not remove the default option "Not Available" for the fields where metadata information is not available
"1001-01-01": Date not available or not applicable for filling metadata infromation
"1001-01-01": Date not available or not applicable for filling metadata infromation
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/43850
Full metadata record
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar S.C. B.A. Dhanorkar, K.V. Niranjana, S. Srinivas, M.Lalitha, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-12-27T01:36:32Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2020-12-27T01:36:32Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2019-12-31 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar S.C. B.A. Dhanorkar, K.V. Niranjana, S. Srinivas, M.Lalitha, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh (2019). Land resource inventory and socio-economic status of farm households for watershed planning and development of Turk madhawar-2 (4D2D6M1b) Microwatershed, Yadgir Taluk and District, Karnataka”, ICAR-NBSS&LUP Sujala MWS Publ.576, ICAR – NBSS & LUP, RC, Bangalore. p.143 &30 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | Not Available | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/43850 | - |
dc.description | Not Available | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | The land resource inventory of Turk Madhawar-2 Microwatershed was conducted using village cadastral maps and IRS satellite imagery on 1:7920 scale. The false colour composites of IRS imagery were interpreted for physiography and the physiographic delineations were used as base for mapping soils. The soils were studied in several transects and a soil map was prepared with phases of soil series as mapping units. Random checks were made all over the area outside the transects to confirm and validate the soil map unit boundaries. The soil map shows the geographic distribution and extent, characteristics, classification, behavior and use potentials of the soils in the microwatershed. The present study covers an area of 436 ha in Yadgir taluk & district, Karnataka. The climate is semiarid and categorized as drought-prone with an average annual rainfall of 866 mm, of which about 652 mm is received during south-west monsoon, 138 mm during north-east and the remaining 76 mm during the rest of the year. An area of 410 ha in the microwatershed is covered by soils and others covers an area of 26 ha (6%) in the microwatershed. The salient findings from the land resource inventory are summarized briefly below. The soils belong to 13 soil series and 14 soil phases (management units) and 7 land management units. The length of crop growing period is about 120-150 days starting from 1st week of June to 4th week of October. From the master soil map, several interpretative and thematic maps like land capability, soil depth, surface soil texture, soil gravelliness, available water capacity, soil slope and soil erosion were generated. Soil fertility status maps for macro and micronutrients were generated based on the surface soil samples collected at every 320 m grid interval. Land suitability for growing 29 major agricultural and horticultural crops was assessed and maps showing the degree of suitability along with constraints were generated. An area about 410 ha (94%) in the microwatershed is suitable for agriculture. About 38 per cent area of the microwatershed has soils that are deep to very deep (100 - >150 cm), 35 per cent soils are moderately deep (75-100) whereas 8 per cent soils are moderately shallow (50 -75 cm) and 13 per cent soils are very shallow (<25 cm) in the microwatershed. About 4 per cent area in the microwatershed has sandy soils, 42 percent soils are loamy and 47 per cent soils clayey at the surface. Entire cultivated area in the microwatershed has non gravelly (<15%) soils. About 38 per cent area of the microwatershed is very high (>200 mm/m) in available water capacity, 18 percent soils are medium (51-100), 13 per cent soil. are low (51-100 mm/m) and 26 per cent area is very low (<50 mm/m) available water capacity. An area about 80 per cent area of the microwatershed has very gently sloping (1- 3% slope) lands and 14 per cent is nearly level (0-1% slope) lands. An area of about 13 per cent area is severely (e3) eroded. About 68 per cent area is moderately (e2) eroded and 14 percent soils are slightly eroded (e1). An area of about 5 per cent is slightly to moderately acid (pH 5.5- 6.5), about 72 per cent is strongly acid (ph 5.0-5.5), about 3 per cent is neutral (6.5-7.3), about 2 per cent is slightly alkaline (pH 7.3-7.8), about 7 per cent is moderately alkaline (pH 7.8-8.4), about 6 per cent is strongly alkaline (pH 8.4-9.0) in the microwatershed. The Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the soils in the entire cultivated area of the microwatershed is dominantly <2 dsm-1 indicating that the soils are non-saline. An area of about 4 per cent is high (>0.75%), 22 percent is medium (0.50-0.75%) and 69 percent is low (<0.50%) in organic carbon content. An area of <1 percent is high (>57 kg/ha) in available phosphorus and about 47 percent is medium (23-57 kg/ha) and about 47 percent is low (23-57 kg/ha) in available phosphorus. An area of about 88 percent is medium (145-337kg/ha) and 6 percent is low (<145kg/ha) in available potassium. Available sulphur content is low (<10 ppm) in the entire cultivated area of the microwatershed. Available boron is low (<0.5 ppm) in an area of about 82 per cent and medium (0.5-1.0 ppm) covering an area of about 12 per cent soils. Available iron content is sufficient (>4.5ppm) in an area of 25 per cent and deficient (<4.5ppm) in about 69 per cent of the microwatershed. Available manganese and copper are sufficient in all the soils of the microwatershed. Available zinc content is deficient (<0.6 ppm) in all the soils of the microwatershed. The land suitability for 29 major crops grown in the microwatershed were assessed and the areas that are highly suitable (S1) and moderately suitable (S2) are given below. It is however to be noted that a given soil may be suitable for various crops but what specific crop to be grown may be decided by the farmer looking to his capacity to invest on various inputs, marketing infrastructure, market price and finally the demand and supply position. Land suitability for various crops in the Microwatershed Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Sorghum 187(43) 91(21) Guava - 130(30) Maize 128(29) 149(34) Sapota - 130(30) Bajra 130(30) 149(34) Pomegranate - 189(43) Groundnut 1(<1) 149(34) Musambi 59(14) 130(30) Sunflower 59(14) 128(29) Lime 59(14) 130(30) Redgram - 244(56) Amla 128(29) 94(22) Bengal gram 59(14) 163(37) Cashew - 78(18) Cotton 59(14) 163(37) Jackfruit - 128(29) Chilli 128(29) 96(22) Jamun - 61(14) Tomato 130(30) 35(8) Custard apple 137(31) 86(20) Brinjal 130(30) 35(8) Tamarind - 61(14) Onion 130(30) 35(8) Mulberry - 128(29) Bhendi 130(30) 94(22) Marigold 130(30) 94(22) Drumstick - 189(43) Chrysanthemum 130(30) 94(22) Mango - - Apart from the individual crop suitability, a proposed crop plan has been prepared for the identified LMUs by considering only the highly and moderately suitable lands for different crops and cropping systems with food, fodder, fiber and horticulture crops. Maintaining soil-health is vital for crop production and conserve soil and land resource base for maintaining ecological balance and to mitigate climate change. For this, several ameliorative measures have been suggested for these problematic soils like saline/alkali, highly eroded, sandy soils etc. Soil and water conservation treatment plan has been prepared that would help in identifying the sites to be treated and also the type of structures required. As part of the greening programme, several tree species have been suggested to be planted in marginal and sub marginal lands, field bunds and also in the hillocks, mounds and ridges. This would help in not only supplementing the farm income but also provide fodder and fuel to generate lot of biomass which would help in maintaining an ecological balance and also contribute to mitigating the climate change. FINDINGS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY The survey was conducted in Turk Madhawar-2 is located at North latitude 160 40’ 59.774” and 160 38’ 42.425" and East longitude 770 20’ 0.012'' and 770 19’ 0.023” covering an area of about 430.13 ha coming under Madhwara and Kalebilagunda villages of Yadagiri taluk. Socio-economic analysis of Turk Madhawar-2 micro watersheds of Turk Madhawar sub-watershed, Yadgiri taluk & District indicated that, out of the total sample of 35 farmers were sampled in Turk Madhawar-2 micro-watershed among households surveyed 3 (8.57%) were marginal, 12 (34.29%) were small and 15 (42.86 %) were semi medium farmers. 5 landless farmers were also interviewed for the survey. The population characteristics of households indicated that, there were 83 (52.20%) men and 76 (47.80 %) were women. The average population of landless was 4, marginal farmers were 4.3, small farmers were 4.3 and semi medium farmers were 4.9. Majority of the respondents (39.62%) were in the age group of 16-35 years. Education level of the sample households indicated that, there were 42.77 per cent illiterates, 42.14 per cent pre university education and 3.14 per cent attained graduation. About, 60.00 per cent of household heads practicing agriculture and 31.43 per cent of the household heads were engaged as agricultural labourers. Agriculture was the major occupation for 32.08 per cent of the household members. In the study area, 54.29 per cent of the households possess katcha house and 5.71 per cent possess pucca house. The durable assets owned by the households showed that, 57.14 per cent possess TV, 40.00 per cent possess mixer grinder, 100.00 per cent possess mobile phones and 17.14 per cent possess motor cycles. Farm implements owned by the households indicated that, 28.57 per cent of the households possess plough, 5.71 per cent possess bullock cart and 2.86 per cent possess sprayer. Regarding livestock possession by the households, 8.57 per cent possess local cow. The average labour availability in the study area showed that, own labour men available in the micro watershed was 1.4, women available in the micro watershed was 1.43, hired labour (men) available was 7.97 and hired labour (women) available was 12.43. Out of the total land holding of the sample respondents 100.00 per cent (58.20 ha) of the area is under dry condition. 2 The major crops grown by sample farmers are Red gram, Cotton and Groundnut and cropping intensity was recorded as 100.64 per cent. Out of the sample households 91.43 percent possessed bank account and 42.86 per cent of them have savings in the account. About 40.00 per cent of the respondents borrowed credit from various sources. Among the credit borrowed by households, 20.00 per cent have borrowed loan from commercial banks and 53.33 per cent from co-operative/Grameena bank. Majority of the respondents (100.00%) have borrowed loan for agriculture purpose. Regarding the opinion on institutional sources of credit, 100.00 per cent of the households opined that credit helped to perform timely agricultural operations. The per hectare cost of cultivation for Red gram, Cotton and Groundnut was Rs.21860.80, 29526.79 and 37045.58 with benefit cost ratio of 1:1.70, 1: 1.50 and 1: 1.05 respectively. Further, 8.57 per cent of the households opined that dry fodder was adequate. The average annual gross income of the farmers was Rs. 89828.57 in microwatershed, of which Rs. 60314.29 comes from agriculture. Sampled households have grown 69 forestry trees together in the fields and back yards. About 62.86 per cent of the households shown interest to cultivate horticultural crops. Households have an average investment capacity of Rs. 2742.86 for land development. Source of funds for additional investment is concerned, 48.57 per cent depends on bank loan for land development activities. Regarding marketing channels, 48.57 per cent of the households have sold agricultural produce to the local/village merchants, while, 40.00 per cent have sold in regulated markets. Further, 37.14 per cent of the households have used tractor for the transport of agriculture commodity. Majority of the farmers (54.29%) have experienced soil and water erosion problems in the watershed and 85.71 per cent of the households were interested towards soil testing. Firewood was the major source of fuel for domestic use for 88.57 per cent of the households and 11.43 per cent households has LPG connection. Piped supply was the major source for drinking water for 74.29 per cent of the households. Electricity was the major source of light for 100.00 per cent of the households. In the study area, 54.29 per cent of the households possess toilet facility. 3 Regarding possession of PDS card, 100.00 per cent of the households possessed BPL card. Households opined that, the requirement of cereals (97.14%), pulses (97.14%) and oilseeds (65.71%) are adequate for consumption. Farming constraints experienced by households in the micro watersheds were lower fertility status of the soil (85.71%) wild animal menace on farm field (88.57%), frequent incidence of pest and diseases (85.71%), inadequacy of irrigation water (85.71%), high cost of fertilizers and plant protection chemicals (85.71%), high rate of interest on credit (91.43%), low price for the agricultural commodities (85.71%), lack of marketing facilities in the area (85.71%), inadequate extension services (85.71%), lack of transport for safe transport of the agricultural produce to the market (88.57%), Less rainfall (5.71%) and Source of Agri-technology information (Newspaper/ TV/Mobile) (5.71%). | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (World Bank Funded) Sujala –III Project | en_US |
dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
dc.publisher | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru & Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (Sujala-III Project) | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | 576; | - |
dc.subject | Details of Soil Survey, Soil constraints, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil Suitability, Economic Land Evaluation, Watershed Planning, Sujala – III Project | en_US |
dc.title | LAND RESOURCE INVENTORY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS FOR WATERSHED PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT TURK MADHAWAR-2 (4D2D6M1b) MICROWATERSHED Yadgir Taluk & District, Karnataka | en_US |
dc.title.alternative | Not Available | en_US |
dc.type | Project Report | en_US |
dc.publication.projectcode | Not Available | en_US |
dc.publication.journalname | Not Available | en_US |
dc.publication.volumeno | Not Available | en_US |
dc.publication.pagenumber | p.143 &30 | en_US |
dc.publication.divisionUnit | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru | en_US |
dc.publication.sourceUrl | Not Available | en_US |
dc.publication.authorAffiliation | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning | en_US |
dc.ICARdataUseLicence | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/PDF/ICAR_Data_Use_Licence.pdf | en_US |
Appears in Collections: | NRM-NBSSLUP-Publication |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
576.Turk Madwar-2_(4D2D6M1b).pdf | 18.53 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Items in KRISHI are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.