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Title: | LAND RESOURCE INVENTORY FOR WATERSHED PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT YADGIR RS-1 (4D5B1I2g) MICROWATERSHED Yadgir Taluk and District, Karnataka |
Other Titles: | Not Available |
Authors: | Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar, S.C., B.A. Dhanorkar, S. Srinivas, M. Lalitha, K.V. Niranjana, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh |
ICAR Data Use Licennce: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/PDF/ICAR_Data_Use_Licence.pdf |
Author's Affiliated institute: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning |
Published/ Complete Date: | 2019-12-31 |
Project Code: | Not Available |
Keywords: | Details of Soil Survey, Soil constraints, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil Suitability, Economic Land Evaluation, Watershed Planning, Sujala – III Project |
Publisher: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru & Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (Sujala-III Project) |
Citation: | Rajendra Hegde, Ramesh Kumar, S.C., B.A. Dhanorkar, S. Srinivas, M. Lalitha, K.V. Niranjana, R.S. Reddy and S.K. Singh (2019). “Land resource inventory for watershed planning and development of Yadgir Rs-1 (4D5B1I2g) Microwatershed, Yadgir Taluk and District, Karnataka”, ICAR-NBSS&LUP Sujala MWS Publ.490, ICAR – NBSS & LUP, RC, Bangalore. p.117. |
Series/Report no.: | 490; |
Abstract/Description: | The land resource inventory of Yadgir Rs-1 Microwatershed was conducted using village cadastral maps and IRS satellite imagery on 1:7920 scale. The false colour composites of IRS imagery were interpreted for physiography and the physiographic delineations were used as base for mapping soils. The soils were studied in several transects and a soil map was prepared with phases of soil series as mapping units. Random checks were made all over the area outside the transects to confirm and validate the soil map unit boundaries. The soil map shows the geographic distribution and extent, characteristics, classification, behavior and use potentials of the soils in the microwatershed. The present study covers an area of 558 ha in Yadgir taluk & district, Karnataka. The climate is semiarid and categorized as drought-prone with an average annual rainfall of 866 mm, of which about 652 mm is received during south-west monsoon, 138 mm during north-east and the remaining 76 mm during the rest of the year. An area of 306 ha (55%) ha in the microwatershed is covered by soils, about 7 ha (1%) by rock outcrops, 3 ha (<1%) by Railway line and about 242 ha (43%) by others (Habitation and water body). The salient findings from the land resource inventory are summarized briefly below. The soils belong to 2 soil series and 2 soil phases (management units) and 1 land management unit. The length of crop growing period is about 120-150 days starting from 1st week of June to 4th week of October. From the master soil map, several interpretative and thematic maps like land capability, soil depth, surface soil texture, soil gravelliness, available water capacity, soil slope and soil erosion were generated. Soil fertility status maps for macro and micronutrients were generated based on the surface soil samples collected at every 320 m grid interval. Land suitability for growing 29 major agricultural and horticultural crops was assessed and maps showing the degree of suitability along with constraints were generated. An area of about 55 per cent is suitable for agriculture in the microwatershed. Entire cultivated area of about 55 per cent in the microwatershed has deep to very deep (100- >150 cm), soils. Entire cultivated area is clayey soils at the surface. Entire cultivated area is non gravelly (<15%) soils in the microwatershed. Entire cultivated area in the microwatershed is very high (>200 mm/m) in available water capacity. An area of about 45 percent is very gently sloping (1-3% slope) lands and about 9 per cent soils are nearly level (0-1% slope) lands in the microwatershed. Maximum area of about 45 per cent is moderately (e2) eroded and about 9 per cent are slightly (e1) eroded lands in the microwatershed. An area of about 48 per cent is neutral (6.5-7.3) and 7 per cent is moderately alkaline (7.8-8.4) in soil reaction. The Electrical Conductivity (EC) of the soils in the entire cultivated area of the microwatershed is <2 dsm-1 indicating that the soils are non-saline. An area of 21 per cent is high (>0.75%), about 30 percent is medium (0.50-0.75%) and 5 per cent is low (<0.5%) in organic carbon content. An area of about 3 percent is low (<23 kg/ha), about 14 percent is medium (23-57 kg/ha) and 38 percent soils are high (>57 kg/ha) in available phosphorus. An area of about 9 per cent is medium (145-337 kg/ha) and 45 per cent is high (>337 kg/ha) in available potassium. Available sulphur is high (>20 ppm) in an area of about 45 per cent, about 9 per cent is medium (10-20 ppm) and about 1 per cent is low (<10 ppm) in the microwatershed. Available boron is low (<0.5 ppm) in an area of about <1 per cent, medium (0.5- 1.0 ppm) in about 27 per cent and high (>1.0 ppm) in about 28 per cent soils. Available iron content is sufficient (>4.5 ppm) in an area of about 43 per cent and 12 per cent is deficient (<4.5 ppm) in the microwatershed. Available manganese and copper are sufficient in all the soils of the microwatershed. An area of about 4 per cent is deficient (<0.6 ppm) and 51 per cent is sufficient (>0.6 ppm) in available zinc content in the microwatershed. The land suitability for 29 major crops grown in the microwatershed were assessed and the areas that are highly suitable (S1) and moderately suitable (S2) are given below. It is however to be noted that a given soil may be suitable for various crops but what specific crop to be grown may be decided by the farmer looking to his capacity to invest on various inputs, marketing infrastructure, market price and finally the demand and supply position. Land suitability for various crops in the Microwatershed Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Crop Suitability Area in ha (%) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Highly suitable (S1) Moderately suitable (S2) Sorghum 52(9) 254(45) Guava - - Maize - 306(55) Sapota - - Bajra - 306(55) Pomegranate - 52(9) Groundnut - - Musambi 52(9) - Sunflower 52(9) - Lime 52(9) - Redgram - 306(55) Amla - 52(9) Bengal gram 52(9) 254(45) Cashew - - Cotton 52(9) - Jackfruit - - Chilli - 52(9) Jamun - 52(9) Tomato - - Custard apple 52(9) - Brinjal - - Tamarind - 52(9) Onion - - Mulberry - - Bhendi - 52(9) Marigold - 52(9) Drumstick - 52(9) Chrysanthemum - 52(9) Mango - - Apart from the individual crop suitability, a proposed crop plan has been prepared for the identified LMUs by considering only the highly and moderately suitable lands for different crops and cropping systems with food, fodder, fiber and horticulture crops. Maintaining soil-health is vital to crop production and conserve soil and land resource base for maintaining ecological balance and to mitigate climate change. For this, several ameliorative measures have been suggested to these problematic soils like saline/alkali, highly eroded, sandy soils etc. Soil and water conservation treatment plan has been prepared that would help in identifying the sites to be treated and also the type of structures required. As part of the greening programme, several tree species have been suggested to be planted in marginal and submarginal lands, field bunds and also in the hillocks, mounds and ridges. This would help in not only supplementing the farm income but also provide fodder and fuel to generate lot of biomass which would help in maintaining an ecological balance and also contribute to mitigating the climate change. |
Description: | Not Available |
ISSN: | Not Available |
Type(s) of content: | Project Report |
Sponsors: | Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka (World Bank Funded) Sujala –III Project |
Language: | English |
Name of Journal: | Not Available |
Volume No.: | Not Available |
Page Number: | p.117 |
Name of the Division/Regional Station: | ICAR::National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bengaluru |
Source, DOI or any other URL: | Not Available |
URI: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/44127 |
Appears in Collections: | NRM-NBSSLUP-Publication |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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490.Yadgir Rs-1_(4D5B1I2g).pdf | 15.88 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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