Agroforestry as an option for livelihood security to farming community of India

Abstract

In most of the areas especially in rainfed agricultural system in India, the management of trees in conjunction with crops and/or animals, minimizes the risks of stress period through crop diversification and efficient utilization of the resources therein. Thus, agroforestry can play crucial role in managing the risks under such stress period of most concern. Even earlier studies had revealed that, the agroforestry practices are more profitable than arable farming. But then, selection of area specific and need based agroforestry models are one of the important criteria to maximize farm output and returns. Research upgradation and management over all the prevailed agricultural and agroforestry systems are utmost important. More research efforts are needed towards identification of viable agroforestry models under rainfed condition for balancing ground water level without affecting economic crop productivity to the land holders. Intensive research efforts are required for participatory domestication of unexploited and under-exploited multipurpose trees, bushes, and grasses. Promotional research on production and supply of genetically improved agroforestry planting material using latest plant breeding and genetic tools for improved productivity, value addition and quick returns is utmost needed. Dissemination of knowledge regarding ongoing research and its scientific findings can be an effective tool for scientific cultivation practices. Marketing issues and value addition to products of agroforestry are utmost important to carry forward. Moreover, emphasis should be given on tangible benefits (viz., revenue generation/ cash returns) from agroforestry systems.