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Title: | Sustainable In-situ Jute Retting Technology in Low Volume Water using Native Microbial Culture to Improve Fibre Quality and Retting Waste Management |
Other Titles: | Sustainable In-situ Jute Retting Technology in Low Volume Water using Native Microbial Culture to Improve Fibre Quality and Retting Waste Management |
Authors: | Asesh Kumar Ghorai and Asim Kumar Chakraborty |
ICAR Data Use Licennce: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/PDF/ICAR_Data_Use_Licence.pdf |
Author's Affiliated institute: | ICAR::Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres |
Published/ Complete Date: | 2020-11-10 |
Project Code: | TMJ MM1, MM2 |
Keywords: | Groundwater Recharge, In-situ Composting, In-situ Jute Retting, Integrated Fish-Vegetable Farming, Jute Retting Waste Management, Micro-pond, Native Microbial Culture, New IFS Integrated Farming System Model, Sustainable Agriculture, Water Stress Management |
Publisher: | Excellent Publishers |
Citation: | Asesh Kumar Ghorai and Asim Kumar Chakraborty. 2020. Sustainable In-situ Jute Retting Technology in Low Volume Water using Native Microbial Culture to Improve Fibre Quality and Retting Waste Management. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 9(11): 1080-1099. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.911.126 |
Series/Report no.: | https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.911.126; |
Abstract/Description: | Water retting of whole jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) plant is convenient to the majority of farmers. Jute bundles are extensively retted in isolated stagnant inland freshwater bodies, often having insufficient water, during the months of August–October in the Indo-Bangla subcontinent. It leads to transportation expense, improper retting with low fibre quality, complete loss of huge organic retting residue and transitory deterioration of the aquatic environment affecting local ecology. Water scarcity due to climate change has aggravated jute retting. This article details a comprehensive retting technology where1-1.35 m2 deep circular or rectangular lined (tarpaulin/silpaulin) or unlined (in clay soil) micro-pond of area 80 m2 (i.e., 2 decimal) is sufficient for retting a jute plot of 0.135 ha and that of 130 (i.e., 3.5 decimal) for 0.340 ha harvest area, in a batch. Staggered jute sowing or harvesting at 10-15 days’ interval enables two more successive batch rettings in a pond with shorter retting time and improved fibre quality. Water requirement in it is only 43 l kg-1 of good quality fibre, compared to 693 l kg-1 in traditional retting. It is suitable primarily for small and marginal land holdings. Also described modifications on local retting methods addressing practical difficulties. Demonstrations at farmers’ field of this technology held regularly since 2009 found its higher acceptability. Using ground water or rainwater under deficit rainfall, it produced desired golden coloured and lustrous fibre in 15-30 days in a hygienic extraction setting. It abolished usual labour requirement of 30 man-days ha-1 or more to carry jute bundles to distant retting spots. In a micro-pond of 2 decimal area for retting 1 acre jute, with an initial investment of Rs 15900, its benefit-cost ratio is envisaged at 1.28:1, signifying a substantial economic return in the course of 5 five years. In a new integrated farming system (IFS) model, it sustained jute retting in low volume water, strengthened farm income from improved fibre quality, conserved organic manure (10-15 bags per year), diversified production by optimizing resource use in the production of rice, vegetables and fish and reduced environmental pressure. Additionally, a well-developed network of these tanks can support to improve groundwater recharge, provide lifesaving irrigations, save crops from early water logging stress and in-situ composting of agricultural residues during dry months. |
Description: | In conclusion and implication, in-situ jute retting is a worthwhile alternative to the traditional ex-situ retting. This technology is a definitive strategy of jute retting with agronomic, environmental, economic and human health benefits by integrating few component enterprises of farming system. It fits well within the traditional rural farming systems favouring the existing socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions of the jute growing region. Obviously, limitations of the location of the pond, its size and health risks of waste water for this micro-pond based new IFS model, exceptionally disfavours integration of livestock component of usual homestead pond based IFS. Barring the retting period of 1½-2 months, production of selective annual crops, vegetables, fruits and short period fish farming, particularly air-breathing cat fishes, are suitable. It minimizes water requirement for jute retting (1:1.20) over conventional method (1:20) and addresses the problem of water scarcity during retting, reduces drudgery and transport cost of jute bundles to distant water bodies, assures retting to produce quality jute fibre with higher price (Rs. 300 q-1) and creates a moderately hygienic condition of fibre extraction than conventional method. It reduce transitory pollution load on natural water bodies and conserve retted wastewater and rich solid organic matter (10-15) bags per season per acre for agronomic use and fishery. Water use efficiency in micro-pond retting is much higher (> 90%) over conventional retting. It will be of immense help to the jute farmers for light textured soil and in drought condition (under deficit rainfall or water scarcity situation), in particular. Additionally, a well-developed network of in-situ jute retting tanks in Indo-Bangla subcontinent can function as percolation tanks to improve groundwater recharge, water reservoir for lifesaving irrigations, land surface catchment to harvest surface run off for saving field crops (jute, sesame, green gram and black gram) from early waterlogging stress under changing climatic scenario and in-situ composting pits during dry months. |
ISSN: | 2319-7706 (online) |
Type(s) of content: | Research Paper |
Sponsors: | ICAR-CRIJAF |
Language: | English |
Name of Journal: | International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences |
NAAS Rating: | Not Available |
Volume No.: | 9(11) |
Page Number: | 1080-1099 |
Name of the Division/Regional Station: | Crop Production Division |
Source, DOI or any other URL: | doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.911.126 |
URI: | http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/60802 |
Appears in Collections: | CS-CRIJAF-Publication |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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Ghorai, et al_2020_Final.pdf | 2.67 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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