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STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY IN RICE GERMPLASM (Oryza sativa L.)

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Title STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY IN RICE GERMPLASM (Oryza sativa L.)
 
Creator PADMAJA, D
 
Contributor RADHIKA, K
 
Subject STUDIES, GENETIC, DIVERSITY, RICE, GERMPLASM
 
Description The present investigation consisting of one hundred and fifty diverse
genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) was undertaken to evaluate the morphological
characters, variability, heritability, genetic advance as percent of mean, character
association and genetic divergence of eleven qualitative characters and eleven
quantitative characters. The experiment was laid out at DRR Farm, ICRISAT
Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad in a randomized block design with three
replications during Rabi, 2007. Visual observations were recorded on single plant
basis as per standard descriptors on eleven qualitative characters viz., early plant
vigour, basal leaf sheath colour, leaf colour, leaf pubescence, ligule shape, ligule
colour, panicle exsertion, panicle type, stigma colour, awning and threshability. All
these traits were found to exhibit a wide range of variability among the genotypes
under study. The data were recorded on days to 50% flowering, plant height, leaf
length, leaf width, total number of tillers per plant, productive tillers per plant,
panicle length, number of grains per panicle, spikelet fertility, 100-grain
weight and single plant yield.
Analysis of variance indicated the existence of significant differences among
genotypes for all the characters studied except leaf width and 100 grain weight.
Detection of minor difference between GCV and PCV for all the characters
indicated less influence of environment on these characters. The characters viz.,
plant height, leaf length, leaf width, total number of tillers per plant, Productive
tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle and single plant yield exhibited high
heritability estimates coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean
indicating that simple selection could be effective for improving these characters.
The results of D2 statistic revealed that the material used in the present
investigation possessed high genetic diversity and all the one hundred and fifty
genotypes were grouped into sixteen clusters using Tocher’s method. Cluster
analysis grouped the genotypes into thirteen clusters. The characters viz., grains per
panicle, spikelet fertility, plant height, days to 50% flowering, single plant yield and
100-seed weight contributed 99.01% of the total divergence and these traits were
found to be potential factors for genetic differentiation in genotypes.
Based on the divergence estimates and the clustering pattern in the present
genetic material, it was found that the genotypes of clusters I and IX possesed high
genetic diversity for the characters viz., leaf length, total tillers per plant, panicle
length and grains per panicle. Hence these could be used in hybridization
programme for the development of superior recombinants.
Character association studies revealed significant and positive association of
single plant yield with total tillers per plant, productive tillers per plant, panicle
length, grains per panicle, spikelet fertility and 100-seed weight, while significant
negative association of single plant yield with leaf length was noticed at genotypic
level. Therefore, these characters could be used as criteria for selection of genotypes
with high seed yield. Productive tillers per plant exhibited strong positive direct
effect on seed yield at genotypic level and 100-seed weight exhibited high positive
direct effect on seed yield at phenotypic level.
Genotyping of seventy-two germplasm lines of rice was done using 23 SSR
markers. Seven markers exhibited polymorphism by generating 20 alleles. JGT 12
amplified a maximum number of four alleles. The number of alleles ranged from
2 - 4 with a mean of 2.85, while the polymorphic information content (PIC) for these
seven markers ranged from 1.021 (JGT 06) to 1.839 (RM 151). Based on the
information generated through SSR markers, the genotypes were grouped according
to their genetic relatedness.
 
Date 2016-08-08T15:26:45Z
2016-08-08T15:26:45Z
2007
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/71597
 
Language en
 
Relation D8100;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD