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Effect of different organic sources on yield and quality of wheat grown on certified organic farm

KrishiKosh

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Field Value
 
Title Effect of different organic sources on yield and quality of wheat grown on certified organic farm
 
Creator Shinde, R.D.
 
Contributor Kolambe, B.N.
 
Subject liquid formulations, wheats, crop residues, grain, crops, organic fertilizers, yields, byproducts, bananas, planting
 
Description A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different organic sources on yield and quality of wheat grown on certified organic far m, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during the rabi season of 2011-12 and 2012-13. The experiment was conducted on fixed plot site with a set of thirteen treatments comprising twelve combinations of three N levels based on RDN applied through BC:VC:CC (O1: 50% N, O2: 75% N and O3: 100% N) and four different organic liquid formulation sprays (S1: 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap, S2: 1% vermiwash, S3: 1% panchgavya and S4: 1% cow urine) along with one chemical control (100% RDF) rranged outside the experimental plot. These treatments were evaluated in factorial randomized block design with three replications. During the both experimental trials, observations on growth and yield arameters,
nutrient contents and their uptake by crop, quality parameters, soil physical properties, fertility status of soil and economics were evaluated.
All the growth as well as yield parameters were significantly influenced due to different organics N levels and organic liquid formulations except plant height at 30 DAS and harvest index. Among these parameters, the treatment receiving application of 100% N through BC:VC:CC (O3) recorded
significantly higher plant height at 60 DAS and at harvest in pooled mean than treatment receiving 75% (O2) and 50% (O1) N application. The treatments receiving 100% and 75% N application hrough BC:VC:CC gave significantly maximum number of tillers hill - 1 , number of panicles hill - 1
, number of grains panicle - 1 and test weight of wheat grains. Significantly highest grain and straw yield as well as dr y matter yield were obtained with the application of 100% N through BC:VC:CC (O3)
than rest of the treatments. In case of different organic liquid formulations sprays, it was noticed that plant height at 60 DAS and at harvest, number of tillers hill - 1 , number of panicles hill - 1 ,
number of grains panicle - 1 as well as test weight of grains were found to be significantly maximum with the treatment S1 (spraying of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap) and treatment S4(spraying of 1% cow urine). Ultimately, these results reflected on wheat grain yield, straw yield and dr y matter yield as both the treatments (treatment S1 and S4) were found to be equally effective and achieved significantly higher grain and straw yield as well as dr y matter yield of wheat crop over other sprays.
The interaction effect between different organics N levels and organic liquid for mulation as well as control vs rest analysis were found to be non-significant in almost all growth and yield parameters studied. But in control vs rest analysis, organic treatment mean r ecorded the higher values of these parameters than chemical control.
The treatments containing different organics N levels and organic liquid formulations were also reported significant difference on nutrients contents and their uptake by wheat crop except heavy metal contents. The data on pooled analysis showed that among different organics N levels, application of 100% N through BC:VC:CC (O3) significantly increased the macro (N, P, K and S) and micro-nutrient (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) contents as well as its uptake by crop over 75% and 50% N application through BC:VC:CC. The heavy metal contents (Ni, Pb and Cd) in wheat crop did not differ gnificantly due to application of different organics N levels. Among different organic liquid formulations, treatment receiving spraying of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap (S1) showed significantly higher nutrient contents in wheat crop except heavy metal contents, whereas same treatment increased the uptake of macro and micro-nutrients significantly than other treatments. While, interaction effect was found to be non-significant but in case of control vs rest analysis, organics treatment obtained significantly maximum macro and micronutrients contents and uptake by wheat crop over control.
The quality parameters viz., protein and dr y gluten content in wheat grain were significantly increased with the application of 100% N through BC:VC:CC (O3) over treatment O1 in pooled analysis except treatment O2. In pooled analysis, spraying of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap (S1) and 1% cow urine (S4) also recorded significantly higher protein and dr y gluten content. The interaction effect of organics did not showed significant variation in case of quality parameters but in pooled mean of control vs analysis, its significantly higher values were recorded with organics treatment over control.
Inspite of non-significant effect of N levels on soil colour, pH, EC, heavy metal contents and that of organic liquid formulations on bulk density, WSA, soil colour, pH, EC of soil and heavy metal contents, the different organics N levels and organic liquid formulations were significantly influenced on all the physical as well as chemical properties of soil. The application of 100% (O3) and 75% (O2) N through BC:VC:CC significantly reduced the BD of soil and increased the WSA of
size >1.0 mm whereas, treatment O3 also reduced the WSA of size 0.5-1.0 mm than other treatments. The interaction between organics N levels and organic liquid formulations did not show remarkable change in soil physical properties but in control vs rest analysis, bulk density of soil and WSA were improved significantly due to organics than control.
The treatment receiving application of 100% N through BC:VC:CC (O3) significantly increased the soil organic carbon and all available nutrient contents except heavy metal contents over other treatments in pooled mean. Similar result was also noticed in treatment containing spraying of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap (S1) as well as 1% cow urine (S4) than rest of the treatments. The chemical properties of soil did not differ significantly due to interaction effect but application of rganics significantly increased the soil organic carbon as well as all macro and micro-nutrients contents in control vs rest analysis.
In case of economics, maximum net benefit (Rs. 39025 ha - 1 ) was observed with the treatment receiving application of 100% N through BC:VC:CC (O3) whereas higher benefit:cost ratio (1.88) was recorded under treatment O1 (application of 50% N through BC:VC:CC) followed by treatment O3 (1.87). The treatment S1 (spraying of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap) recorded maximum net benefit (Rs. 40787 ha - 1 ) and benefit:cost ratio (1.99) followed by spraying of 1% cow urine (S4). While, in control vs rest analysis, organics treatment recorded highest net
benefit and benefit:cost ratio (Rs. 35170 ha - 1 and 1.87, respectively) as compared to chemical control.
On the basis of two years of experimentation, it can be concluded that treatments receiving application of recommended dose of N through bio-compost, vermicompost and castor cake as
well as spraying of enriched banana pseudostem sap were found most appropriate and profitable not only to obtain higher wheat yield but also to improve quality of wheat grains.
 
Date 2016-05-16T10:13:33Z
2016-05-16T10:13:33Z
2014
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65993
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher NAU