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Land shaping: Technique for improving soil and water quality and productivity of degraded land in coastal region

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Title Land shaping: Technique for improving soil and water quality and productivity of degraded land in coastal region
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D. Burman, U. K. Mandal, S. K. Sarangi, S. Mandal, K. K. Mahant, S. Raut, B. Maji, T. D. Lama and D. Pal
 
Subject Land shaping, soil and water quality, long term impact, coastal, salinity
 
Description Not Available
Land degradation in coastal region of India is the biggest threat because of its adverse impact on food security, livelihood and environment. It leads to a significant reduction of the productive capacity of land. In India, about 8 m ha land in 3 agro-ecological regions (AERs) 18, 19 and 20 which cover major parts of the coastal region are degraded by water erosion, salt accumulation, acidification and waterlogging processes of land degradation. Implementation of sustainable land management practices for arresting land degradation and enhancing productivity is essential for achieving food security of the country and livelihood security of the farming communities living in the vulnerable coastal ecosystems. Land shaping techniques like farm pond (FP), paddycum-fish (PCF) and deep-furrow & high ridge (DFHR) where original land has been modified to create high, medium and original low land situations and water harvesting structures provide scope to alleviate salinity and waterlogging problems of coastal land. Studies showed that high land/ ridges created under land shaping were free of water logging during monsoon season. Soil salinity build up in the profile of the different land situations was less compared to control (without land shaping). Among the different land situations, salinity in the root zone was less in high land followed by medium and low land. The pH of harvested rain water was in the normal range throughout the year, however, salinity varied with seasons and it reached a peak value before onset of monsoon and was lowest during monsoon. The quality of harvested water was found to be suitable for agricultural purposes. The organic carbon (OC) and available N and P were higher while available K, Na, Ca, Cl and SO content were lower under different land situations created under land shaping techniques compared to control. The OC content in upper soil layer was higher in high and medium land than in low land. The concentrations of available K, Na, Ca, Cl and SO4 were less in high land situation. Waterlogging and soil salinity were reduced in the high land/ ridges providing scope for cultivation of diverse multi-crops round the year. The rainwater harvested in pond/furrows created a source of irrigation water which is highly scarce in the region during dry season and also provided a scope for more profitable integrated cultivation of crop and fish and crop and fish separately along with vegetable, fruits and other high value crops. Financial analyses of FP, PCF and DFHR techniques for assessing long term viability of implementation of these techniques under coastal environment revealed that the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) was 46%, 42%, and 36% under FP, PCF and DFHR, respectively. Similarly, Net Present Value (NPV) was Rs. 285059, Rs. 232450, and Rs. 96817; BCR was 1.58, 1.55, and 1.20 and payback period was 1.41, 1.78 and 2.13 years, respectively under FP, PCF and DFHR land shaping techniques. Financial analysis of all land shaping techniques under study indicated that investment on such interventions were financially viable and attractive proposition for the coastal region.
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Date 2018-11-12T11:20:34Z
2018-11-12T11:20:34Z
2018-10-28
 
Type Other
 
Identifier Abstracts of 12th National Symposium of Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research on Coastal Agriculture: Boosting Production Potential under Stressed Environment (Edited and compiled by T.D. Lama, D. Burman, U.K. Mandal, S.K. Sarangi, S. Mandal, K.K Mahanta, S. Raut, K. D. Patil and N. B. Gokhale)at Dr. B.S Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 28 September – 1 October, 2018. 135 p.
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http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/10533
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research, CSSRI, Regional Research Station, Canning Town, West Bengal