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Role of Biochar in Carbon Sequestration and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation

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Title Role of Biochar in Carbon Sequestration and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
 
Creator Dipak Kumar Gupta
Chandan Kumar Gupta
Rachana Dubey
Ram Kishor Fagodiya
Gulshan Sharma
Keerthika A.
M. B. Noor Mohamed
Rahul Dev
A. K. Shukla
 
Subject Carbon sequestration
Climate change mitigation
Greenhouse gas
Global warming
Crop residue
 
Description Not Available
Global warming and associated climate change are becoming a threat to
almost all the ecosystems on the earth. According to the intergovernmental panel on
climate change (IPCC) special report 2019, the global mean surface (land and
ocean) temperature has been increased by 0.87 °C while mean of land surface air
temperature has increased by 1.53 °C since 1850–2015. Climate change is affecting
food security and human life due to warming, changing precipitation patterns, and
the greater frequency of some extreme events. The main cause of global warming is
the continuous increase in the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases
(GHGs) like CO2, CH4, N2O and fluorinated gases due to several anthropogenic
activities. Therefore, reducing the increasing concentration of GHG is necessary to
slow down global warming and climate change. Among several options of greenhouse
mitigation, application of biochar into the soil is gaining popularity due to
several advantages over other options. Biochar is a highly stable form of carbon
derived from pyrolysis of biomass at relatively low temperatures. Application of
biochar into the soil has been reported to provide multiple benefits like increase in crop yield, nutrient and water use efficiency and several environmental benefits.
Recalcitrant nature, relatively higher carbon content and easily available feedstock
make biochar a highly sustainable and quick option for carbon sequestration into the
soil. Biochar application into the soil not only helps in carbon sequestration but also
provides a better option for managing agricultural residues. The application of biochar
has also reported for reducing a considerable amount of methane and nitrous
oxide emission from the agricultural field due to its priming effect on the soil.
Biochar yield, physical properties, and carbon content varies with the type of feedstock
and pyrolysis condition. Therefore, the rate of carbon sequestration and mitigation
of greenhouse gas is also highly variable, however, the biochar application
ultimately leads to a positive contribution towards climate change mitigation.
However, most of the reported benefits are confined to laboratory and field trial at
institute level, widespread adoption of biochar on farmer’s field is still lacking. In
the present chapter, all the aspects of biochar towards carbon sequestration and
greenhouse mitigation have been well discussed.
Not Available
 
Date 2021-08-06T05:25:06Z
2021-08-06T05:25:06Z
2021-01-01
 
Type Book chapter
 
Identifier Not Available
Not Available
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/53336
 
Language English
 
Relation Not Available;
 
Publisher Not Available