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Comprehensive environmental impact assessment for designing carbon-cum-energy efficient, cleaner and eco-friendly production system for rice-fallow agro-ecosystems of South Asia

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Title Comprehensive environmental impact assessment for designing carbon-cum-energy efficient, cleaner and eco-friendly production system for rice-fallow agro-ecosystems of South Asia
 
Creator Rakesh Kumar
Janki Sharan Mishra
M.S. Sambhaji
Surajit Mondal
Ram Swaroop Meena
Rattan Lal
Bal Krishan Jha
Sushanta Kumar Naik
A. K. Biswas
Hansraj Hans
Prem Kumar Sundaram
A. K. Choudhary
Mohammad Monobrullah
Sanjeev Kumar
Santosh Kumar
Rohan Kumar Raman
Bhagwati Prasad Bhatt
Ujjwal Kumar
 
Subject Carbon-footprint Eco-efficiency index Greenhouse gases Energy ratio,Residue management,System productivity,System profitability,Zero-tillage production
 
Description Not Available
High energy consumption and carbon emission are the major components of environmental pollution. Reducing carbon-footprints and improving energy use efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.) - fallow production systems of South Asia is a great challenge. The present experiment was conducted for five consecutive years (2016?2020) with an aim to design the most carbon-cum-energy efficient, cleaner/safer and eco-friendly production systems for rice-fallows in eastern India. This split-plot experiment had crop establishment-cum-residue management (CERM) treatments in main-plots and post-rainy/winter season crops in sub-plots. The production systems selected for analysis included three crop establishment methods [(1) zero-till-direct-seeded rice (ZTDSR), (2) conventional-till direct-seeded rice (CTDSR), and (3) transplanted puddled rice (TPR)], and two residue management practices [(i) with residue, and (ii) without residue] in combination with five potential winter season crops i.e., chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), and mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Results revealed an increase in overall system productivity from 3.5 to 5.13 Mg ha?? 1 due to the diversification of rice-fallow systems with oilseed and pulse crops. Irrespective of residue management practices, ZTDSR increased the yield by 15 and 31% in chickpea, 15 and 34% in lentil, 33 and 50% in safflower, 9 and 19% in linseed, and 7 and 15% in mustard as compared to CTDSR and PTR, respectively. Moreover, adoption of ZTDSR reduced energy uses by 23.3%, while increased energy ratio and net returns by 14.3 and 10.9%, respectively, over TPR. Pulse based crop rotations (rice-lentil and rice-chickpea) under ZTDSR with surface crop residue yielded 21.5% higher system net returns as compared to rice-oilseed production systems. ZTDSR treatment also reduced carbon-footprint (C-footprint) by 2.8% compared to TPRbased production systems. Similarly, rice-oilseed systems had a 16.1% lower C-footprint in comparison to rice-pulse sequences. Hence, rice-chickpea, rice-lentil and rice-safflower production systems in combined with ZTDSR along with residue retention can be viable production systems with higher system productivity, better economic returns, higher energy ratio and lower C-footprint. These systems will ensure an efficient utilization of natural resources leading to long-term sustainability of the rice-fallow production systems of South Asia.
 
Date 2023-07-17T10:22:08Z
2023-07-17T10:22:08Z
2022-1-1
 
Type Research Paper
 
Identifier Kumar R, Mishra JS, Mali SS, Mondal S, Meena RS, Lal R, Jha BK, Naik SK, Biswas AK, Hans H, Sundaram PK, Choudhary AK, Monobrullah M, Kumar S, Kumar S, Raman RK, Bhatt BP, Kumar U. 2022.Comprehensive environmental impact assessment for designing carbon-cum-energy efficient, cleaner
Not Available
0959-6526
http://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/80132
 
Language English
 
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Publisher Not Available