Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research

Abstract

The groundwater resources of Chhattisgarh are quite high but its exploitation is only 20.43%, which is very low as compared to other states of India. Within districts, spatial variation on ground water use is there and the coefficient of variation is as high as 106.2 %. In agriculture sector groundwater use is considerably low and needs adequate ground water structures for exploitation. In all districts, annual rainfall is very high but its distribution is erratic as 87-91% of annual rainfall is received during rainy season. The computed rainfall recharged study by various methods reveals that 14.35 to 23.4 % of annual rainfall is recharged and contributed to groundwater. This recharged rainwater of 3.69 million ha-m (computed based on geographical area of each district) can irrigate 2.26 million ha area considering annual ETo of 1.646 m. This state is cereal-dominated crops and consume maximum share of water with less water productivity. Hence pulses and oilseeds crops may be introduced on large scale. During kharif season total ETo demand of all crops was 2.078 million ha-m and during rabi/summer season 0.425 million ha-m. This demand has been estimated based on ET crops and area covered by each crop. So to harvest potential crop yield during both the season, recharged annual rainwater is not sufficient to cope up the demand of crops and hence abstraction of ground water through dug well, shallow tube well and deep tube well and in-situ rain water harvest technology is highly essential to improve crop yield economic return of the farmers.