Growth, Development, Yield Attributes and Yield of Upland Rice ( Oryza sativa) under Various Environmental Conditions and Genotypes

Abstract

Rice is major cereal crop of India and South Asia as well. To assess the response of prevailing environments and their interaction with photosensitive genotypes (mahsoori) and phptoinscnsitive (ashwani and pant-4). a field experiment was conducted under semiarid condition of Kanpur. This study proved that the year (1998) was more favorable for growth and development and by virtue of this fi rst year crops produced mon: iomass. It might be due to conducive environmental condit ion during vegetative phase and vice versa for eproductive phase. Moreover second year ( 1999) was better economic produce (grain yield), it may be because of ngenial environmental conditions during reproductive phase when despite low biomass efficient conversion of photosynthatcs from source to sink was observed. During both the years photoinscnsitive varieties viz. ashwani and pant-4 proved to be better. Delay in planting advanced the maturity significantly. Long duration genotype mahsoori recorded maximum plant height of 96.9 and 99.6 cm during the both years; 1,000-grain weight was not affected significantly due to environments, however significant diffcrct1ces were recorded due to genotypes during second year. Maximum above ground biomass production was recorded during first dates of planting ( IOS.2 and 98.S q/ha) and genotype mahsoori (106.4 and 9T.I q/ha). Harvest index being a typic al genotypic charac ter least affected by environmental fluctuations, variety ashwani produced boldest seed (28.0 and 28.4 g/l ,000 seeds) and mahsoori produced cylindrical Seeds with lowest seed weight (19.4 and 20.6 g). For successful rice ultivation under Kanpur condition, best time for transplanting is IS July selecting high yielding photoinscnsctive varieties.