Scenario of plant diseases under changing climate

Abstract

This review paper starts with highlighting the studies on effect of elevated CO2 and Temperature on Crop-disease Interactions under enhanced greenhouse gas emissions, and implications on achievement of food security and development goal. The complexities of climate change, and the biotic responses to this, makes prediction of the future impact of climate change on emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) of plants difficult, but broad trends can be surmized. Global circulation models predict that high latitudes and elevations will warm to a greater degree than the global mean warming, and that winter and nocturnal minimum temperatures will continue to increase. A changing climate is likely to bring changing patterns of climate variability, including extreme meteorological events, such as precipitation anomalies and greater temperature variations. The precise impacts of climate change on insects and pathogens is somewhat uncertain because some climate changes may favor pathogens and insects while others may inhibit a few insects and pathogens. The analysis of the potential impacts of climate change on plant diseases is essential for the adoption of adaptation measures, as well as for the development of resistant cultivars, new control methods or adapted techniques, in order to avoid more serious losses.