Volatile compounds in hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha, Hamilton) as detected by static headspace gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

Abstract

Tenualosa ilisha (Hilsa) is a commercially important food fish in countries around the Bay of Bengal and enjoys high consumer preference for its unique flavor and culinary properties. Fish flavors, an important factor for consumer acceptance are largely characterized by the volatile compounds. Static headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry was used to investigate the volatiles in hilsa. A total of 41 compounds were identified: 12 alcohols, 1 ketone, 2 aldehydes, 4 furans, 3 acids, 7 esters, 5 alkadienes, 3 alkynes, 3 aromatic compounds, and 1 epoxide derivative. Principal component analysis showed gradual changes in the volatile composition with increasing storage time. The volatile substances present in hilsa which could be contributing to its flavor were identified. 2,4‐Pentadiene‐1‐ol, 3‐ethyl‐(2Z), and 2,4‐hexadienal were identified as possible freshness indicators and 7‐Heptadecyne‐17‐chloro and 2‐methyl‐1, 5 hexadiene as possible spoilage indicators which could be useful in assessing the quality of the fish.