ISSR Markers Analysis of Genetic Relationship Between Underutilized Beachpea [Vigna marina (Burm.) Merr.], Mungbean & Urdbean landraces of Bay Islands

Abstract

Bay islands or Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a unique insular habitat in Bay of Bengal with warm and humid climatologically features and ideal tropical ecological conditions. These islands are immensely rich in plant biodiversity and it is also hub of diversity for so many cultivated and wild species of pulses like greengram, blackgram, mungan, beachpea, ranmug, redgram, cowpea etc. Understanding the genetic relativeness between related species is one of the important criteria for effective utilization of germplasm in the crop breeding programme. This can be revealed by the analysis of intraspecific genetic relativeness in individual accessions of related taxa. The underutilized legume Vigna marina and promising landraces of mungbean and urdbean collected from the different parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands were characterized to obtain genetic relationships between these taxonomic entities using ISSR markers. Seven mungbean landraces and cultivars, 4 urdbean landraces and 4 accessions of beachpea [Vigna marina (Burm.) Merr] were analysed using 24 randomly selected ISSR markers. Seven ISSR markers were produced clear amplification profiles. The analysis was more discriminating and 65 polymorphic bands out of total 265 bands and 66 polymorphic bands out of total 335 bands were generated with seven ISSR markers. Based on the presence or absence of bands, Jacquard’s similarity index was calculated to construct a dendrogram to show genetic distance between and within the accessions. Similarity index values ranged from 0.92 to 0.67. Matrices derived from ISSR data were used to construct UPGMA dendrograms. The dendrograms derived from ISSR data showed two main groups and four sub groups. In the tree obtained from accessions one Vigna marina were mixed with mungbean and urdbean accessions while, three clustered separately. The results indicate that ISSR markers can be effectively used in determination of genetic relationship among mungbean, urdbean and beachpea. It can be concluded that, the information of genetic relationship among underutilized pulse crops beachpea is closely related with mungbean and urdbean. Hence, it can be utilized for the development of desired crop varieties for the development new salt tolerant varieties of cultivated mungbean and urdbean crops. Keywords: Vigna marina, mungbean, urdbean, ISSR markers, genetic relationship