Growth, reproductive development and yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes under mild temperature elevation.

Abstract

The increases in daily mean temperature can have negative impact on different agricultural crops. Tomato being one of the important horticultural crops in India is sensitive to temperature elevations. Although extreme temperature episodes lead t o severe effects, even the mild temperature elevation, which is just above the optimal threshold, can considerably alter crop growth and development. However, no mechanistic studies have been conducted to understand the growth, reproductive development and yield response of popular tomato genotypes under mild temperature elevation (MTE). Hence, the effect of MTE on four selected tomato genotypes ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) was examined in temperature gradient tunnel (TGT). The MTE led to reduction in in vitro pollen germination, number of fruits, fruit set per centage, fruit weight, number of leaves, number of branches, plant height, total dry matter accumulation and harvest index. Concurrently, number of trusses, number of flowers and flower abortion were incr eased. The results imply that, even the mild MTE can adversely affect the growth, development and yield of tomato. Based on the maintenance of harvest index and fruit weight per plant under MET, cv. Arka Vikas and advanced breeding line IIHR 2195 are found to be potential candidates with diverse genetic capability to include in breeding programs for developing temperature tolerant cultivars for future climatic conditions.