Transgressive Analysis of Yield and Fibre Quality Traits in Cotton

Abstract

Two released and popular hybrids viz. Phule-388 and NHH-44 along with their six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 & B2) were evaluated to isolate high yielding segregants with better fibre quality. In F2 generation of Phule-388, highest transgression was observed for oil content (53.33%) followed by plant height (45%), monopodia (40.83%), ginning percent (40%), seeds per boll (25%), sympodia (22.5%), bolls per plant (8.3%), while 6.67% transgressants each were observed for seed cotton yield, lint yield and seed weight per plant. In F2 generation of NHH-44 highest transgression was recorded for 100 seed weight (75.83%) followed by plant height (70.83%), seeds per boll (60.83%), oil % (43.33%), sympodia per plant (37.5%), bolls per plant (25%), seed cotton yield (10%), lint weight (10%), seed weight (10%), boll weight (6.67%) and ginning percent (5.83%). For fibre attributes in Phule-388 highest transgression was noticed for uniformity ratio (33.3%) while in NHH-44 highest transgression was recorded for 2.5% span length and short fibre percentage (86.67%). In B1 generation of Phule-388, the transgressive segregants were more than B2 for the important traits like symopodia per plant, bolls per plant, seed cotton yield per plant, lint weight per plant, seed weight per plant and oil percentage for which the recurrent parent was better parent (P1). Same was true for the traits like plant height and 2.5% span length in B2 where transgression was more than the B1 due to higher dose of recurrent parent and better parent P2 for these character. Increased blood level of the better parent in back crosses resulted into increased recovery of transgressants for the given traits. It is also evident in B1 of NHH-44 for the characters like plant height, monopodia per plant, sympodia per plant, bolls per plant, 100 seed weight, seed cotton yield per plant, lint weight per plant, seed weight per plant, ginning %, micronaire and fibre strength where P1 was better parent for these traits. More transgressive segregants were observed in B2 than B1 for seed per boll and 2.5% span length due to the high dose of better parent for respective characters.