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Assessment of Aflatoxin Exposure among Indian Population

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/5268/
 
Title Assessment of Aflatoxin Exposure among Indian Population
 
Creator Anitha, S
 
Subject Plant Pathology
Plant Virology
Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics
 
Description What impact does dietary exposure to aflatoxins has on hepatocellular carcinoma
in India? Assessing the connection between aflatoxin contamination in the diets,
Hepatitis B virus infection and liver cirrhosis through Hospital based study in
Andhra Pradesh, India
Chronic exposure to aflatoxins was shown to cause impaired growth in children,
immune suppression and liver cirrhosis, interference in micronutrient metabolism and
reduced human and animal productivity. Acute severe intoxication can result in death.
Most importantly, aflatoxin was shown to interact synergistically with Hepatitis B
virus (HBV) / Hepatitis C virus infection. It increases the risk of hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common cancers in the developing countries with
>400,000 new cases per annum. A joint FAO and WHO committee concluded that
reduced intake of aflatoxins in HBV endemic places will have a greater impact on
reducing the incidence of HCC. This requires knowledge on the level of aflatoxin
exposure in populations, dietary sources of contamination and household dietary
practices leading to frequent food contamination in order to identify high risk groups
and to develop preventive interventions to mitigate human exposure to aflatoxins.
Aflatoxins in human body are metabolized by the liver enzymes and produces
aflatoxin 8,9-epoxide, which reacts with albumin in the liver to form AFB1-albumin
adducts that are major biomarkers found in peripheral blood. In order to protect human
health it is important to be able to estimate aflatoxin-albumin adduct in human blood.
Among many methods available for estimation immunochemical methods are simple,
cost effective and adaptable to situations in developing countries. Hence this study is
proposed to assess the aflatoxin exposure in Indian populations using ELISA which
will lead to the development of preventive interventions to minimize the risk of liver
disorders and HCC.
This thesis is divided into 9 chapters containing subsections. Chapter 1 and chapter 2
contains the introduction and review of literature. Chapter 3 contains materials and
methods for the development of antibodies to detect aflatoxin-albumin adduct in
human blood samples. Chapter 4 contains Results. Chapter 5 and 6 contains
discussion, summary and conclusion. Chapter 7 contains references, Chapter 8
contains appendix and Chapter 9 contains Annexure I, II and Master charts.
 
Date 2011
 
Type Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/5268/1/MsAnithaThesis_AssessmentaflatoxinExposure.pdf
Anitha, S (2011) Assessment of Aflatoxin Exposure among Indian Population. PhD thesis, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences.