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Cytoplasmic-Nuclear Male Sterility: Origin, Evaluation and Utilization

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/5927/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1040-5_20
 
Title Cytoplasmic-Nuclear Male Sterility: Origin, Evaluation and Utilization
 
Creator Reddy, B V S
Rai, K N
Sarma, N P
Kumar, I
Saxena, K B
 
Subject Genetics and Genomics
 
Description Cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility (CMS), a potential system for economical
hybrid seeds production, results from disharmonious interaction between the
cytoplasmic and nuclear genetic factors. Evaluation of CMS system for its utility
is determined by many factors. Unstable male sterility increases cost and affects
quality of hybrid seed production. Cooler weather during panicle development
promotes instability in maize and pigeonpea, high humidity in pearl millet and
hot temperature of 42 °C and above in sorghum. Effect of genetic background of
B-lines on male sterility has been found in case of Al CMS system in pearl
millet and sorghum, and fertility restorer gene expressivity in rice. Maintainer
gene frequency in germplasm is another factor to be considered which has
bearing on genetic diversification of A-lines. In case of Al CMS system in
sorghum and pearl millet landraces have greater proportion as restorers.
Character association influences the commercial viability of a CMS system.
Approaches to estimate the diversity of CMS systems to enhance the exploitation
of outstanding inbred lines and also to overcome the risk of disease and pest
epidemics, include both traditional field evaluation of hybrids for differential
patterns of male fertility restoration and RFLP analysis of mitochondFial DNA.
Steps involved in CMS utilization in hybrid cultivar breeding including (i)
identification of potential CMS sources, (ii) development of seed parents (A
lines) exhibiting complete sterility, (iii) maintenance of seed parents by taking
appropriate steps to prevent contamination with foreign pollen, (iv) development
of restorer parents through identification of promising restorers, genetic
improvement of existing restorers and transfer of restorer genes into high
yielding inbred lines and (v) hybrid seed production keeping in view the four key
elements - isolation distance, off type removal, flowering synchrony between Aand
R-lines, and A:R lines ratio are discussed.
 
Publisher Narosa Publishing House
 
Date 2004
 
Type Book Section
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/5927/1/BC_Cytoplasmic-Nuclear_Plant%20Breeding_2004.pdf
Reddy, B V S and Rai, K N and Sarma, N P and Kumar, I and Saxena, K B (2004) Cytoplasmic-Nuclear Male Sterility: Origin, Evaluation and Utilization. In: Plant Breeding: Mendelian to Molecular Approaches. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, India, pp. 473-499. ISBN 817319503X, 9788173195037