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Marker-Assisted Selection for Biotic Stress Resistance in Peanut

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/7579/
 
Title Marker-Assisted Selection for Biotic Stress Resistance in Peanut
 
Creator Burow, M D
Leal-Bertioli, S C M
Simpson, C E
Ozias-Akins, P
Chu, Y
Denwar, N N
Chagoya, J
Starr, J L
Moretzsohn, M C
Pandey, M K
Varshney, R K
Holbrook, C C
Bertioli, D J
 
Subject Groundnut
Genetics and Genomics
 
Description Peanut is the second-most important legume grown worldwide. Cultivated peanut is a disomic
tetraploid, 2n—4x—40, with limited genetic diversity due to a genetic bottleneck in formation of
the polyploid from ancestors A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. Consequently, resistance_to biotic stresses
is limited in the cultigen; however, wild species possess strong resistances. Transfer o f these resistances
is hindered by differences o f ploidy, but production o f synthetic amphidiploids, coupled
with use o f molecular markers, enables efficient gene transfer. Marker maps have been made from
interspecific crosses, and SSR-based maps from cultivated parents have been developed recently. At
least 410 resistance gene analogues have been identified. The first markers for biotic stress tolerance
were for root-knot nematode resistance and introgressed from one A. cardenasii chromosome. These
and improved markers have been used for marker-assisted backcrossing, contributing to release of
three cultivars. Additional QTLs have been identified since. Early and late leafspots cause significant
yield losses worldwide, and resistance depends on multiple genes. Using interspecific populations,
five resistance QTLs for early leafspot were identified using greenhouse inoculations, and five QTLs
for late leafspot were identified using detached leaf assays. Using cultivated species populations, 28
QTLs were identified for LLS resistance; all but one were minor QTLs; the major QTL was donated
by an interspecific introgression line parent. Rust often occurs alongside leafspots, and rust resistance
was characterized as one major QTL, plus several smaller QTLs. Marker-assisted backcrossing o f this
major QTL has been performed into different populations. QTLs for resistance to other biotic stresses
have been identified, namely to groundnut rosette virus, Sclerotinia blight, afiatoxin contamination,
aphids, and tomato spotted wilt virus. Marker-assisted breeding is still in early stages, and development
o f more rapid and inexpensive markers from transcriptome and genome sequencing is expected
to accelerate progress.
 
Publisher Wiley Blackwell
 
Contributor Varshney, R K
Tuberosa, R
 
Date 2013
 
Type Book Section
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Rights —
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/7579/1/ch8.pdf
Burow, M D and Leal-Bertioli, S C M and Simpson, C E and Ozias-Akins, P and Chu, Y and Denwar, N N and Chagoya, J and Starr, J L and Moretzsohn, M C and Pandey, M K and Varshney, R K and Holbrook, C C and Bertioli, D J (2013) Marker-Assisted Selection for Biotic Stress Resistance in Peanut. In: Translational Genomics for Crop Breeding: Biotic Stress. Wiley Blackwell, pp. 125-150. ISBN 978-0-470-96290-9