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Importance of Genetic Diversity Assessment in Crop Plants and Its Recent Advances: An Overview of Its Analytical Perspectives

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/8655/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/431487
 
Title Importance of Genetic Diversity Assessment in Crop Plants and Its Recent Advances: An Overview of Its Analytical Perspectives
 
Creator Govindaraj, M
Vetriventhan, M
Srinivasan, M
 
Subject Genetics and Genomics
 
Description The importance of plant genetic diversity (PGD) is now being recognized as a specific area since exploding population with
urbanization and decreasing cultivable lands are the critical factors contributing to food insecurity in developing world.Agricultural
scientists realized thatPGDcan be captured and stored in the formof plant genetic resources (PGR) such as gene bank,DNAlibrary,
and so forth, in the biorepository which preserve genetic material for long period. However, conserved PGR must be utilized for
crop improvement in order to meet future global challenges in relation to food and nutritional security.This paper comprehensively
reviews four important areas; (i) the significance of plant genetic diversity (PGD) and PGR especially on agriculturally important
crops (mostly field crops); (ii) risk associated with narrowing the genetic base of current commercial cultivars and climate change;
(iii) analysis of existing PGD analytical methods in pregenomic and genomic era; and (iv) modern tools available for PGD analysis
in postgenomic era. This discussion benefits the plant scientist community in order to use the new methods and technology for
better and rapid assessment, for utilization of germplasm from gene banks to their applied breeding programs. With the advent
of new biotechnological techniques, this process of genetic manipulation is now being accelerated and carried out with more
precision (neglecting environmental effects) and fast-track manner than the classical breeding techniques. It is also to note that
gene banks look in to several issues in order to improve levels of germplasm distribution and its utilization, duplication of plant
identity, and access to database, for prebreeding activities. Since plant breeding research and cultivar development are integral
components of improving food production, therefore, availability of and access to diverse genetic sources will ensure that the global
food production network becomes more sustainable. The pros and cons of the basic and advanced statistical tools available for
measuring genetic diversity are briefly discussed and their source links (mostly) were provided to get easy access; thus, it improves
the understanding of tools and its practical applicability to the researchers
 
Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
 
Date 2015
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/8655/1/GeneticResearchInternational_1-14_2015.pdf
Govindaraj, M and Vetriventhan, M and Srinivasan, M (2015) Importance of Genetic Diversity Assessment in Crop Plants and Its Recent Advances: An Overview of Its Analytical Perspectives. Genetics Research International. pp. 1-14. ISSN 2090-3154