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Potential of promotion of alleles by genome editing to improve quantitative traits in livestock breeding programs

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/8843/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12711-015-0135-3
10.1186/s12711-015-0135-3
 
Title Potential of promotion of alleles by genome editing to improve quantitative traits in livestock breeding programs
 
Creator Jenko, J
Gorjanc, G
Cleveland, M A
Varshney, R K
Whitelaw, C B A
Woolliams, J A
Hickey, J M
 
Subject Genetics and Genomics
 
Description Abstract
Background
Genome editing (GE) is a method that enables specific nucleotides in the genome of an individual to be changed. To date, use of GE in livestock has focussed on simple traits that are controlled by a few quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN) with large effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of GE to improve quantitative traits that are controlled by many QTN, referred to here as promotion of alleles by genome editing (PAGE).
Methods
Multiple scenarios were simulated to test alternative PAGE strategies for a quantitative trait. They differed in (i) the number of edits per sire (0 to 100), (ii) the number of edits per generation (0 to 500), and (iii) the extent of use of PAGE (i.e. editing all sires or only a proportion of them). The base line scenario involved selecting individuals on true breeding values (i.e., genomic selection only (GS only)-genomic selection with perfect accuracy) for several generations. Alternative scenarios complemented this base line scenario with PAGE (GS + PAGE). The effect of different PAGE strategies was quantified by comparing response to selection, changes in allele frequencies, the number of distinct QTN edited, the sum of absolute effects of the edited QTN per generation, and inbreeding.
Results
Response to selection after 20 generations was between 1.08 and 4.12 times higher with GS + PAGE than with GS only. Increases in response to selection were larger with more edits per sire and more sires edited. When the total resources for PAGE were limited, editing a few sires for many QTN resulted in greater response to selection and inbreeding compared to editing many sires for a few QTN. Between the scenarios GS only and GS + PAGE, there was little difference in the average change in QTN allele frequencies, but there was a major difference for the QTN with the largest effects. The sum of the effects of the edited QTN decreased across generations.
Conclusions
This study showed that PAGE has great potential for application in livestock breeding programs, but inbreeding needs to be managed.
 
Publisher BioMed Central
 
Date 2015
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Rights —
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/8843/1/Potential%20of%20promotion.pdf
Jenko, J and Gorjanc, G and Cleveland, M A and Varshney, R K and Whitelaw, C B A and Woolliams, J A and Hickey, J M (2015) Potential of promotion of alleles by genome editing to improve quantitative traits in livestock breeding programs. Genetics Selection Evolution, 47 (55). pp. 1-34. ISSN 0999-193X