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A novel two step metallization of Ni/Cu for low concentrator c-Si solar cells

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Title A novel two step metallization of Ni/Cu for low concentrator c-Si solar cells
 
Creator CHAUDHARI, VA
SOLANKI, CS
 
Subject crystalline silicon
contact resistance
ohmic contacts
nickel
deposition
c-si solar cells
ni/cu metallization
electroplating
low concentrator solar cells
 
Description In this work use of Ni/Cu double layers as front contact on commercial c-Si solar cells for low concentration application is proposed. The front contact consists of Ni and Cu layers, which are deposited using electroless deposition and electroplating, respectively. These double layers of metals help in reducing the series resistance of solar cells. Ni is deposited on Si wafers (solar cells processed up to ARC deposition but without front contact), using Ni salt and a reducing agent in an electroless bath. Further the Ni deposited wafers are annealed between temperatures 400 and 430 degrees C, to obtain NiSi (nickel suicide), which lowers the contact resistivity between Ni and Si. Formation of NiSi and reduction in contact resistivity are confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission line model (TLM) analysis. Contact resistivity as low as 9 m Omega cm(2) is achieved for the annealed wafers. The NiSi layer is further electroplated with Cu to reduce metal grid line resistance. A reduction in series resistance of about 50% as compared with commercial Ag screen printed solar cells (series resistance approximately 40 m Omega) is achieved for the Ni/Cu plated front contact solar cells (series resistance approximately 20 m Omega) of area 4 x 4 cm(2).I-V characteristic of these solar cells under 2-4 suns concentration is measured and their performance compared with those of commercial Ag screen printed solar cells. .
 
Publisher ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
 
Date 2011-07-22T19:32:08Z
2011-12-26T12:52:32Z
2011-12-27T05:38:36Z
2011-07-22T19:32:08Z
2011-12-26T12:52:32Z
2011-12-27T05:38:36Z
2010
 
Type Article
 
Identifier SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, 94(12), 2094-2101
0927-0248
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2010.06.032
http://dspace.library.iitb.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10054/6335
http://hdl.handle.net/10054/6335
 
Language en