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Different disease rates in two populations: How much is due to differences in risk factors?

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Title Different disease rates in two populations: How much is due to differences in risk factors?
 
Creator LELE, C
WHITTEMORE, AS
 
Subject attributable risk
logistic-models
 
Description Two populations with different disease rates may differ in their risk factors for the disease. If so, it is desirable to know what proportion of the disease excess in the high-risk population is attributable to its greater exposure to the risk factors. This proportion has been called the relative attributable risk (RAR). A related measure is the adjusted relative risk (ARR), defined as the ratio of rates in high-risk to low-risk populations that would be observed if the distribution of risk factors in the high-risk population equalled that of the low-risk population. We present methods for obtaining consistent estimates and asymptotic confidence intervals for both the RAR and the ARR using data from case-control studies in the two populations. The methods are applied to the problem of estimating the differences in ovarian cancer incidence between U.S. white women (high-risk) and U.S. black women (low-risk) attributable to differences in reproductive risk factors. Simulations show that the methods perform well; however, when the true RAR is close to 0 or 1 or when sample sizes are small, RAR estimates may fall outside the unit interval. We discuss circumstances when the true RAR lies outside the unit interval; in such circumstances the ARR is easier to interpret. (C) 1997 by , Ltd.
 
Publisher JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
 
Date 2011-08-16T20:12:25Z
2011-12-26T12:55:07Z
2011-12-27T05:43:44Z
2011-08-16T20:12:25Z
2011-12-26T12:55:07Z
2011-12-27T05:43:44Z
1997
 
Type Article
 
Identifier STATISTICS IN MEDICINE, 16(22), 2543-2554
0277-6715
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19971130)16:22<2543::AID-SIM691>3.3.CO;2-T
http://dspace.library.iitb.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10054/9610
http://hdl.handle.net/10054/9610
 
Language en