Record Details

Household Light Makes Global Heat: High Black Carbon Emissions From Kerosene Wick Lamps

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Title Household Light Makes Global Heat: High Black Carbon Emissions From Kerosene Wick Lamps
 
Creator LAM, NL
CHEN, YJ
WEYANT, C
VENKATARAMAN, C
SADAVARTE, P
JOHNSON, MA
SMITH, KR
BREM, BT
ARINEITWE, J
ELLIS, JE
BOND, TC
 
Subject SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES
AEROSOL EMISSIONS
ORGANIC-MATTER
CLIMATE
COMBUSTION
PARTICLES
ABSORPTION
DIOXIDE
IMPACTS
 
Description Kerosene-fueled wick lamps used in millions of developing-country households are a significant but overlooked source of black carbon (BC) emissions. We present new laboratory and field measurements showing that 7-9% of kerosene consumed by widely used simple wick lamps is converted to carbonaceous particulate matter that is nearly pure BC. These high emission factors increase previous BC emission estimates from kerosene by 20-fold, to 270 Gg/year (90% uncertainty bounds: 110, 590 Gg/year). Aerosol climate forcing on atmosphere and snow from this source is estimated at 22 mW/m(2) (8, 48 mW/m(2)), or 7% of BC forcing by all other energy-related sources. Kerosene lamps have affordable alternatives that pose few clear adoption barriers and would provide immediate benefit to user welfare. The net effect on climate is definitively positive forcing as coemitted organic carbon is low. No other major BC source has such readily available alternatives, definitive climate forcing effects, and cobenefits. Replacement of kerosene-fueled wick lamps deserves strong consideration for programs that target short-lived climate forcers.
 
Publisher AMER CHEMICAL SOC
 
Date 2014-10-15T17:20:47Z
2014-10-15T17:20:47Z
2012
 
Type Article
 
Identifier ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 46(24)13531-13538
0013-936X
1520-5851
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es302697h
http://dspace.library.iitb.ac.in/jspui/handle/100/15314
 
Language en