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N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation potential of amine-based water treatment polymers: Effects of in situ chloramination, breakpoint chlorination, and pre-oxidation

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Title N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation potential of amine-based water treatment polymers: Effects of in situ chloramination, breakpoint chlorination, and pre-oxidation
 
Creator PARK, SH
PADHYE, LP
WANG, P
CHO, M
KIM, JH
HUANG, CH
 
Subject DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT
DRINKING-WATER
WASTE-WATER
PRECURSORS
DIMETHYLAMINE
NITROSAMINES
OZONATION
FATE
OXIDATION
KINETICS
NDMA
Polyamine
polyDADMAC
In situ chloramination
Breakpoint chlorination
Pre-oxidation
 
Description Recent studies show that cationic amine-based water treatment polymers may be important precursors that contribute to formation of the probable human carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) during water treatment and disinfection. To better understand how water treatment parameters affect NDMA formation from the polymers, the effects of in situ chloramination, breakpoint chlorination, and pre-oxidation on the NDMA formation from the polymers were investigated. NDMA formation potential (NDMA-FP) as well as dimethylamine (DMA) residual concentration were measured from poly(epichlorohydrin dimethylamine) (polyamine) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (poly-DADMAC) solutions upon reactions with oxidants including free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and monochloramine under different treatment conditions. The results supported that dichloramine (NHCl2) formation was the critical factor affecting NDMA formation from the polymers during in situ chloramination. The highest NDMA formation from the polymers occurred near the breakpoint of chlorination. Polymer chain breakdown and transformation of the released DMA and other intermediates were important factors affecting NDMA formation from the polymers in pre-oxidation followed by post-chloramination. Pre-oxidation generally reduced NDMA-FP of the polymers; however, the treatments involving pre-ozonation increased polyDADMAC's NDMA-FP and DMA release. The strategies for reducing NDMA formation from the polymers may include the avoidance of the conditions favorable to NHCl2 formation and the avoidance of polymer exposure to strong oxidants such as ozone. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
 
Publisher ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
 
Date 2016-01-14T14:23:03Z
2016-01-14T14:23:03Z
2015
 
Type Article
 
Identifier JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 282(SI)133-140
0304-3894
1873-3336
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.044
http://dspace.library.iitb.ac.in/jspui/handle/100/17717
 
Language en