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Effect of spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under south Gujarat condition

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Title Effect of spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under south Gujarat condition
 
Creator Gohil, Mayursinh H.
 
Contributor USADADIYA, V. P.
 
Subject cotton, nitrogen, spacing, planting, yields, sowing, research methods, land resources, harvesting, crops
 
Description Field experiment was conducted at Main Cotton Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Athwa Farm, Surat during kharif season of the year 2012-13 with the view to study the “Effect of spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under south Gujarat condition”. The soil of the experimental field was clayey in texture having 7.8 pH and normal electric conductivity (0.48 dsm-1). It was low in organic carbon (0.46%), medium in available nitrogen (297.9 kg N ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (49.2 kg P2O5 ha-1) and higher in available potassium (528.5 kg K2O ha-1). Twelve treatment combinations consisting of three levels of spacing (S1: 120 x 30 cm, S2: 120 x 45 cm and S3: 120 x 60 cm) and four levels of nitrogen (N1: 160 kg ha-1, N2: 200 kg ha-1, N3: 240 kg ha-1 and N4: 280 kg ha-1) were tried in factorial
randomized block design with four replications. The result revealed that spacing treatment S3 (120 x 60 cm) registered remarkably higher values as compared to S1 (120 x 30 cm) and S2 (120 x 60 cm) for almost all the growth parameters viz., plant height, number of sympodial and monopodial branches and yield attributing characters like number of bolls plant-1, boll weight and seed cotton weight plant-1 of Bt cotton. Significantly the highest seed cotton and stalk yields were recorded under treatment S2 (120 x 45 cm) as compared to S1 and S3. Treatment S2 produced 20.27 and 9.47 per cent higher seed cotton yield over treatments S1 and S2, respectively. The quality of Bt cotton in terms of chlorophyll content, ginning percentage, oil content, fibre uniformity ratio and bundle strength as well as harvest index were not influenced significantly due to different spacing treatments. Significantly higher available N in soil after harvest of crop and nitrogen uptake by cotton were recorded under 120 x 45 cm spacing treatment, whereas available phosphorus and potash in soil after harvest of crop and phosphorus and potassium uptake by cotton were not significantly influence due to different spacing. The maximum net return of Rs. 75178 ha-1 was obtained in cotton sown at 120 x 45 cm (S2) with the BCR value of 3.87. Significantly the highest values of plant height, numbers of monopodial and sympodial branches and yield attributes viz., number of bolls plant-1, boll weight, seed cotton weight plant-1, seed cotton and stalk yields were observed under nitrogen level @ 280 kg N ha-1 (N4) over other levels of nitrogen, but it was remain at par with 240 kg N ha-1.
The increase in seed cotton yield under treatment N4 was to the tune of 14.7, 9.1 and 5.3% over treatment N1, N2 and N3, respectively. However, harvest index exerted significantly and higher value was registered under 280 kg N ha-1, but it was statistically at par with N3 and N2. Quality parameters were did not exert any remarkably variation due to levels of nitrogen but, chlorophyll content was found to be significantly increasing with increasing levels of nitrogen. Significantly higher available N in soil after harvest of crop and nitrogen uptake by cotton were noted under increased nitrogen levels. The net realization and cost benefit ratio were higher at higher level of nitrogen, treatment N4 (280 kg N ha-1) recorded the highest net realization of Rs. 71399 ha-1 and BCR value of 3.56. Treatment combination S2N4 (cotton sown at 120 x 45 cm spacing and nitrogen applied @ 280 kg ha-1) gave the maximum net realization of Rs. 75633 ha-1 with the BCR of 3.53. On the basis of results obtained in present investigation, it can be concluded that kharif Bt cotton Var. G. Cot. Hy-8 (BG-II) shall be sown at 120 x 45 cm spacing and nitrogen applied @ 280 kg ha-1 (urea applied in 5 equal split at 30, 60, 75, 90 and 105 DAS) under south Gujarat condition for getting higher yields and net monetary return. Phosphorus is applied as per recommendation (40 kg P2O5 ha-1 at basal application).
 
Date 2017-01-20T08:59:04Z
2017-01-20T08:59:04Z
2013-09
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/97223
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Agronomy Dept., N.M.College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari