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STUDIES ON THE INHERITANCE OF BODY WEIGHT AND CONFORMATION TRAITS AT FIVE WEEKS OF AGE IN A STRAIN OF COLOUR SYNTHETIC DAM LINE MEAT TYPE CHICKEN

KrishiKosh

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Title STUDIES ON THE INHERITANCE OF BODY WEIGHT AND CONFORMATION TRAITS AT FIVE WEEKS OF AGE IN A STRAIN OF COLOUR SYNTHETIC DAM LINE MEAT TYPE CHICKEN
 
Creator Gogoi, Swapnil
 
Contributor Mishra, P.K.
 
Subject fruits, pineapples, developmental stages, biological development, planting, acidity, yields, biological phenomena, research methods, auxins
 
Description Poultry production at present is the fastest growing sub-sector of Indian agriculture. The last 3 decades have witnessed phenomenal growth in poultry sector in general and in broiler production in particular. The annual growth rate of broiler industry in India in recent years has remained at or above 12%, much higher than that witnessed in any other agriculture related industry. India today, ranks 5th in the world in broiler production only next to USA, China, Brazil and Mexico in that order.
Breeding of meat type chicken is considered to be more complex and difficult proposition than breeding of egg type chicken because the broiler breeders not only to be selected for broiler traits such as growth rate, viability and feed efficiency of the common broiler but also for the reproductive traits of the parent lines for viability of operation. In achieving the target, the poultry breeders have to improve the genetic constitution of the existing flocks and further propagating the genetically superior germplasm.
The present study was therefore planned with following objectives:
1. To study the inheritance pattern of 5 week body weight and to assess its association with other conformation traits.
2. To obtain information on the performance of synthetic broiler stock for broiler traits.
In order to achieve the above objectives the following parameter were studied:
1. Body weight at day-old and 5 weeks of age.
2. Breast angle, shank length and keel length at 5 weeks of age.
3. Heritability estimates, genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations of body weight and with conformation traits.
4. Fertility and hatchability of selected parents.
The data utilized in this study were obtained from a flock of female line colour synthetic broiler chicken maintained at All India Co-ordinated Network Research Project on Poultry Improvement located at College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar. The data on body weight at day old age and at 5 weeks of age, breast angle, shank length and keel length all were measured at 5 weeks of age in five different hatches from 3138 male chicks and 2959 female chicks belongs to 70 numbers of sires and 560 dams in both the cases.
All the data were corrected for hatch effect and were arranged in one way classification to find out the sire component of variance and covariance. The estimates of heritability and genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations were calculated from sire components of variance and covariance.
The average values were 41.08±0.04 g, 1105.46±2.72 g, 54.12±0.07 degree, 8.58±0.01 cm and 9.50±0.01 cm for body weight at day old age, body weight, breast angle, shank length and keel length, respectively at 5 weeks of age in male chicks and the corresponding values were 40.97±0.04 g, 983.58±2.56 g, 53.26±0.08 degree, 8.29±0.01 cm and 9.31±0.01 cm, respectively in females. The average values for fertility and hatchability on total egg set and on fertile egg set, average over hatches were 90.24%, 78.04% and 86.48%, respectively. Since the data were not transformed to angles no other analysis was carried out in these traits except for means.
The heritability estimates obtained from sire component of variance were 0.141±0.032 for body weight at day old age, 0.483±0.084 for body weight, 0.474±0.083 for breast angle, 0.430±0.078 for shank length and 0.434±0.078 for keel length at 5 weeks of age in male chicks. The corresponding values in females was 0.108 ±0.05 for day old body weight, 0.500±0.10 for 5 weeks body weight, 0.482±0.008 for breast angle, 0.434±0.008 for shank length and 0.456±0.083 for keel length all measured at 5 weeks of age.
The genetic correlation between body weight at day old age and body weight at 5 weeks of age, body weight at 5 weeks of age and each with breast angle, shank length and keel length at 5 weeks of age from sire components of variance and covariance were obtained. The values between body weight at day old age and 5 weeks of age was 0.24±0.02 in males and -0.08±0.02 in females; between body weight and breast angle at 5 weeks of age was 0.726±0.010 in males and 0.660±0.001 in females; between body weight and shank length at 5 weeks of age was 0.683± 0.012 in males and 0.628±0.001 in females; between body weight and keel length at 5 weeks of age was 0.674±0.012 in males and 0.649±0.011 in females. The estimates were all positive and statistically significant except in females between day old weight and 5 weeks of age.
The phenotypic and environmental correlation were 0.04±0.001 and 0.012 between body weight at day old age and body weight at 5 weeks of age; 0.540± 0.032 and -0.054 between 5 weeks body weight and breast angle; 0.506 ± 0.018 and -0.045 between 5 weeks body weight and shank length and 0.470 ± 0.024 and -0.053 between 5 weeks body weight and keel length, respectively in males. The corresponding correlations in the females were -0.03 ± 0.001 and -0.054 between body weight at day old and five weeks of age; 0.527 ± 0.019 and -0.064 between five week body weight and breast angle; 0.486 ± 0.031 and -0.061 between five weeks body weight and shank length and 0.477 ± 0.028 and - 0.078 between five weeks body weight and keel length, respectively.
Basing on the above results it was concluded that individual selection for high body weight at 5 weeks of age would be most effective. Selection for other traits will also effective and will increase body weight as a correlated response. It was therefore, concluded that a selection index considering body weight along with breast angle and shank length is expected to give better results in males and body weight along with breast angle and keel length will give better results in females as the correlations between body weight and each of breast angle and shank length are higher in males while body weight and each with breast angle and keel length are higher in females than selection for body weight alone in this synthetic strain of broiler chicken.
 
Date 2017-01-06T15:54:42Z
2017-01-06T15:54:42Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/94906
 
Language en
 
Relation Th;3763