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Brackishwater shrimp farming: Possible impacts on estuarine ecosystem

DRS at CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography

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Title Brackishwater shrimp farming: Possible impacts on estuarine ecosystem
 
Creator Achuthankutty, C.T.
Sreepada, R.A.
 
Subject brackishwater aquaculture
shrimp culture
culture effects
aquaculture effluents
eutrophication
nutrients (mineral)
waste disposal
ecosystem disturbance
 
Description Aquaculture has been widely accepted as a practice that will supplement the capture fishery production, besides generating various types of job opportunities for the rural population. Coastal aquaculture has been given utmost priority in many developing and underdeveloped countries due to its potential for earning foreign exchange. However, aquatic systems have been under tremendous stress due to increased use to land and water resources, population growth and industrial development. Aquaculture as a user of water resources, may also be contributing to the stress and environmental imbalances if it is incorrectly conceived and/or operated. In India, shrimp aquaculture has developed as the largest aquaculture practice in within a decade. But, most the developments have been confined to the estuarine and brackishwater areas. Tropical estuaries being the most productive ecosystem and subjected to a variety of developmental activities, most of which bring in some environmental changes, it is important to look at the possible impacts the brackishwater shrimp aquaculture on the environment and the biota. In this paper, the improtant physical and biological processes influencing the estuarine ecosystem are briefly presented. The role of different types of flora and fauna (viz. phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos, bacteria and fishes) in the estuarine productivity processes and their interdependence are highlighted. The importance of mangroves to the estuarine ecosystem in general and for the propagation of marine shrimps in particular is emphasisted. Status of brackishwater shrimp farming in India, possible impacts of coastal aquculture as a whole and shrimp aquaculture in particular on the ecosystem and dependant flora and fauna are described. Some areas which need special attention in making the brackishwater shrimp aquaculture into a sustainable and eco-friendly practice are listed.
 
Date 2009-01-11T11:47:45Z
2009-01-11T11:47:45Z
1998
 
Type Book Chapter
 
Identifier Advances in aquatic biology and fisheries: Prof. N. Balakrishnan Nair felicitation volume, Natarajan, P. 175-189p.
http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1875
 
Language en
 
Rights Copyright [1998]. All efforts have been made to respect the copyright to the best of our knowledge. Inadvertent omissions, if brought to our notice, stand for correction and withdrawal of document from this repository.
 
Publisher University of Kerala, Kerala (India)