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Onset of industrial pollution recorded in Mumbai mudflat sediments, using integrated magnetic, Chemical, sup(210) Pb dating, and microscopic methods

DRS at CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography

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Title Onset of industrial pollution recorded in Mumbai mudflat sediments, using integrated magnetic, Chemical, sup(210) Pb dating, and microscopic methods
 
Creator Blaha, U.
Basavaiah, N.
Deenadayalan, K.
Borole, D.V.
Mohite, R.D.
 
Subject pollution
sediments
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Thane creek
 
Description The onset and rise of urban and industrial pollution in the Mumbai region was reconstructed from an anthropogenically contaminated mudflat sediment profile from the adjacent Thane creek using magnetic parameters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) data, metal contents, and the sup(210) Pb dating technique. The 1.8 m vertical section at Airoli (Navi Mumbai) reveals an increase of magnetic susceptibility (Chi) from background values of (20-50) to (75-100) x 10 sup(-8) (m sup(3) kg sup(-1)) in the anthropogenically affected zone above 93 cm. A sharp rise of Chi from (75-100) to (130-215) × 10 sup(-8) (m sup(3) kg sup(-1)) subdivides the anthropogenically affected zone at a depth of approx. 63 cm. Characterization with rock magnetic parameters (SIRM, Soft IRM, and S-ratio) reveals a significant contribution of ferri(o)magnetic phases in the upper zone. Based on the magnetic classification sampling intervals for cost-intensive PAH and metal analyses were determined. Steadily increasing contents of PAH and metals of anthropogenic origin are observed above the boundary depth at approx. 93 cm. A sediment accumulation rate of 1.2 + or - 0.3 cm/yr provided by sup(210) Pb dating dates the approx. 63 cm boundary to 1951. Increasing industrial activity, including the establishment of a coal-fired power plant in 1956, and refineries between 1955 and 1960, correlates well with the substantial increase of Chi, PAH, and metal contents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation on magnetic extracts from the contaminated zone reveals the presence of magnetic spherules derived from industrial high-temperature processes
 
Date 2011-03-11T07:26:57Z
2011-03-11T07:26:57Z
2011
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Environmental Science & Technology, vol.45(2); 2011; 686-692
http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/3816
 
Language en
 
Rights © 2009 American Chemical Society. All efforts have been made to respect the copyright to the best of our knowledge. Inadvertent omissions, if brought to our notice, stand for correction and withdrawal of document from this repository.
 
Publisher American Chemical Society