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Screening marine organisms for antimicrobial activity against clinical pathogens

DRS at CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography

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Title Screening marine organisms for antimicrobial activity against clinical pathogens
 
Creator PrabhaDevi
Wahidullah, S.
Tonima, K.
DeSouza, L.
 
Subject Soft corals
Sea grass
Antibacterial activity
Antifungal activity
 
Description Bacterial resistance to existing antibiotics has led to the search for new therapeutic agents. With this aim, we have evaluated antimicrobial activity of extracts prepared from forty species of marine organisms belonging to different phyla and collected from Mandapam, south-east India, (9 degree 16'N; 79 degree 12'E) and Kanyakumari coasts, south India, 8 degree 4'N; 77 degree 34'E. The extracts were screened against clinical isolates of bacteria including multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains and fungi. The sponge, Ectyobatzella enigmatica-extract was quite promising as bactericidal agent especially against MDR Streptococcus pyogenes and except for its ineffectiveness against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella sp. it was as effective as standard streptomycin against each of the bacteria tested. Besides E. enigmatica, Spongia officinalis and the echinoderm Pentaceraster affinis extracts also exhibited good activity against MDR strains of S. pyogenes and Acinetobacter sp. An unidentified ascidian extract effectively inhibited the growth of Shigella flexineri and the soft corals, Sinularia sp.(iii) and Sinularia kavarattiensis were weakly active against some of the bacteria tested . Both the sea grasses (Halodule sp. and Halophila ovalis) were antifungal but not anti-bactericidal. Follow up studies showed that except Ectyobatzella enigmatica where the activity was distributed in all the fractions, the activity of the other extracts were concentrated mainly in the low polar hexane and chloroform fractions. Among the 7 fungal pathogens used in the study, Fusarium sp. was sensitive at varying degrees to 12 marine extracts while 17 extracts were weakly fungicidal against Nocardia sp. The extracts were practically inactive towards the remaining fungal strains. The standard antibiotic (ketoconazole) used was moderately effective only against Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus niger
 
Date 2011-07-29T10:07:34Z
2011-07-29T10:07:34Z
2011
 
Type Journal Article
 
Identifier Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, vol.40(3); 2011; 338-346
http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/3895
 
Language en
 
Rights Copyright [2011]. All efforts have been made to respect the copyright to the best of our knowledge. Inadvertent omissions, if brought to our notice, stand for correction and withdrawal of document from this repository.
 
Publisher NISCAIR (CSIR)