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Screening marine organisms for antimicrobial activity against clinical pathogens

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Title Screening marine organisms for antimicrobial activity against clinical pathogens
 
Creator Devi, Prabha
Wahidulla, Solimabi
Kamat, Tonima
D’Souza, Lisette
 
Subject Sponges
Soft corals
Sea grass
Ascidian
Starfish
Antibacterial activity
Antifungal activity
 
Description 338-346
Bacterial
resistance to existing antibiotics has led to the search for new therapeutic
agents. With this aim, we have evaluated antimicrobial activity of extracts
prepared from forty species of marine organisms belonging to different phyla
and collected from Mandapam, south-east India, (9o16' N; 79o12'E)
and Kanyakumari coasts, south India, 8o4' N; 77o34'°E.
The extracts were screened against clinical isolates of bacteria including
multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains and fungi. The sponge, Ectyobatzella enigmatica-extract
was quite promising as bactericidal agent especially against MDR Streptococcus
pyogenes and except for its
ineffectiveness against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella sp. it was as effective as standard streptomycin against
each of the bacteria tested. Besides E.
enigmatica, Spongia officinalis and
the echinoderm Pentaceraster affinis
extracts also exhibited good activity against MDR strains of S. pyogenes and Acinetobacter sp. An unidentified ascidian extract
effectively inhibited the growth of Shigella
flexineri and the soft corals, Sinularia sp.(iii) and Sinularia kavarattiensis
were weakly active against some of the bacteria tested . Both the sea grasses (Halodule sp. and Halophila ovalis) were
antifungal but not anti-bactericidal. Follow up studies showed that except Ectyobatzella enigmatica where the activity was distributed in all the fractions,
the activity of the other extracts were concentrated mainly in the low polar
hexane and chloroform fractions. Among the 7 fungal pathogens used in the
study, Fusarium sp. was sensitive at
varying degrees to 12 marine extracts while 17 extracts were weakly fungicidal
against Nocardia sp. The extracts
were practically inactive towards the remaining fungal strains. The standard
antibiotic (ketoconazole) used was moderately effective only against Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus niger.
 
Date 2011-07-19T04:44:16Z
2011-07-19T04:44:16Z
2011-06
 
Type Article
 
Identifier 0975-1033 (Online); 0379-5136 (Print)
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/12423
 
Language en_US
 
Rights CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India
 
Publisher NISCAIR-CSIR, India
 
Source IJMS Vol.40(3) [June 2011]