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Regulation of Giα Protein Expression by Vasoactive Peptides in Hypertension: Molecular Mechanisms

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Title Regulation of Giα Protein Expression by Vasoactive Peptides in Hypertension: Molecular Mechanisms
 
Creator Li, Yuan
Anand-Srivastava, Madhu B
 
Subject G-Proteins
Adenylyl cyclise
Vasoactive peptides
Growth factor receptors
Oxidative stress
MAP kinase
Hypertension
 
Description 467-475
Guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins (G
proteins) play a key role in the regulation of various signal transduction
systems, including adenylyl cyclase/cAMP and phospholipase C (PLC)/phosphatidyl
inositol (PI) turnover, which are implicated in the modulation of a variety of
physiological functions, such as platelet functions, including platelet
aggregation, secretion, and clot formation and cardiovascular functions,
including arterial tone and reactivity. Several abnormalities in adenylyl
cyclase activity, cAMP levels and G proteins have been shown to be responsible
for the altered cardiac performance and vascular functions observed in
cardiovascular disease states. The enhanced or unaltered levels of inhibitory G
proteins (Giα) and mRNA have been reported in different models of hypertension,
whereas Gsα levels are shown to be unaltered. The enhanced levels of Giα
proteins precede the development of blood pressure and suggest that
overexpression of Gi proteins may be one of the contributing factors for the
pathogenesis of hypertension. The levels of vasoactive peptides including ET-1
and Ang II and growth factors are augmented in hypertension and contribute to
the enhanced expression of Giα proteins in hypertension. In addition, oxidative
stress due to enhanced levels of Ang II and ET-1 is enhanced in hypertension
and may also be responsible for the enhanced expression of Giα proteins
observed in hypertension. Furthermore, Ang II- and ET-1-induced transactivation
of growth factor receptor through the activation of MAP kinase signaling is
also shown to contribute to the augmented levels of Giα in hypertension. Thus,
it appears that the enhanced levels of vasoactive peptides by increasing
oxidative stress and transactivation growth factor receptors enhance MAP kinase
activity that contribute to the enhanced expression of Giα proteins responsible
for the pathogenesis of hypertension. In this review, we describe the role of
vasoactive peptides and the signaling mechanisms responsible for the enhanced
expression of Giα proteins in hypertension.
 
Date 2015-02-11T04:21:26Z
2015-02-11T04:21:26Z
2014-12
 
Type Article
 
Identifier 0975-0959 (Online); 0301-1208 (Print)
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/30495
 
Language en_US
 
Rights CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India
 
Publisher NISCAIR-CSIR, India
 
Source IJBB Vol.51(6) [December 2014]