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Studies on yield and yield parameters, quality characters, molecular markers and blast resistance in kalanamak lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

KrishiKosh

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Title Studies on yield and yield parameters, quality characters, molecular markers and blast resistance in kalanamak lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
 
Creator Sudhir Kumar
 
Contributor Indra Deo
 
Subject yield factors, crop quality, molecular markers, blast, disease resistance, rice, Oryza sativa, hybrid varieties, genotypes
 
Description Thesis-PhD
The present investigation entitled “Studies on Yield and Yield Parameters, Quality Characters, Molecular Markers and Blast Resistance in Kalanamak Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was carried out during kharif, 2013-14 and 2014-15 at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand and V.P.K.A.S. Almora, Hawalbag, during kharif, 2014-15. The plant material consisted of 88 advance lines of Kalanamak aromatic rice along with two checks (3131-SN, Pusa Basmati-1) and 76 Kalanamak aromatic landrace accessions. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the advance lines for all the ten yield and yield contributing traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and high to moderate PCV and GCV were observed for number of spikelets per panicle, number of grains per panicle, number of effective tiller per plant, 1000-grain weight, and plant height. At phenotypic level, grain yield had significant and positive correlation with number of effective tillers per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, number of spikelet per panicle and 1000-grain weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed, number of spikelets per panicle had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield per plant followed by 1000-grain weight and number of effective tillers per plant. Genetic divergence using D2 statistics analysis grouped the 88 advance lines in to 10 clusters and maximum intra-cluster distance was found for cluster V, while maximum inter-cluster distance found between cluster I and cluster VII. 1000-grain weight and number of spikelets per panicle contributed maximum towards genetic divergence. Analysis of variance under augmented design revealed highly significant and exploitable variability among tested genotypes for all the quality and micronutrient traits. High and moderate estimates of PCV and GCV, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance were observed for zinc content, iron content, cooked kernel length and kernel length breadth ratio and the rest other characters observed for low variability. Five advance lines (PMS-33, PMS-27, PMS-52, PMS-38 and PMS-23) were found promising for several desirable cooking quality traits and two advance lines (PMS-13 and PMS-46) were observed significantly higher for both iron and zinc content. Genetic diversity analysis in 35 advance lines of Kalanamak rice using 26 microsatellite markers resulted in amplification of 43 loci of products range of 110 to 370 bp with 10 rare alleles. PIC value varied from 0.00 (RM247, RM259) to 0.566 (RM10) and similarity coefficients between the pair of genotypes varied from maximum of 0.990 to a minimum of 0.560. Based on Jaccards similarity coefficients, UPGMA ordered the population of 35 advance lines in to six clusters. Diverse pairs were observed for PMS-44 and PMS-80 (0.55) followed by PMS-37 and PMS-61 (0.56), PMS-45 and PMS-61 (0.57) and these pairs could be used for hybridization programme. Based on various disease parameters, Kalanamak landrace accessions namely, 3278-SN, 3114-1-SN, 3219-P, 3114-2-P, 3216-1-P, 3216-SN, 3266-U-P, 3322-P and 3327-SN were observed moderately resistant for leaf blast and marginally superior to the resistant check (IR-64.). SSR based characterization with six major blast resistant gene(s) in 24 landrace accessions revealed that, none of the genotypes were observed to possess all the major six genes namely, Pi54, Pi1, Pi40(t), Piz, Pi33 and Pi-ks. Only one genotype, (3219-P) was observed for presence of four genes, nine accessions were observed for three genes, four accessions were observed for two genes and ten accessions were observed for only one gene.
 
Date 2016-09-10T08:54:23Z
2016-09-10T08:54:23Z
2015-10
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/76337
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)