SURVEY OF INSECT PESTS OF CASHEW (Anacardium occidentale L.) AND MANAGEMENT OF KEY PEST Plocaederus ferrugineus L. (CASHEW STEM AND ROOT BORER)
KrishiKosh
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Title |
SURVEY OF INSECT PESTS OF CASHEW (Anacardium occidentale L.) AND MANAGEMENT OF KEY PEST Plocaederus ferrugineus L. (CASHEW STEM AND ROOT BORER)
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Creator |
Sahu, Khoobi Ram
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Contributor |
Shukla, Dr. B. C.
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Subject |
nuts, biological interaction, vegetative propagation, animal developmental stages, relative humidity, developmental stages, biological phenomena, bugs, wastes, oils
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Description |
The present investigation was carried out at the Shaheed Gundhadhur College of Agriculture and Research Station, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya, Raipur under campus Jagdalpur (Chhattisgarh) and surrounding areas during the year 2007-08 and 2008-09. The objectives of the studies were: (i) survey the insect pests of cashew in Bastar, (ii) screening of varieties of cashew against major pest (Cashew stem and root borer), and (iii) evaluation of the pest management strategies for major pest (cashew stem and root borer) of cashew. Total 39 species of different insect pests and their natural enemies were recorded in cashew; in which some were damaging the cashew and some were only visiting or traces in number. The infestation of cashew stem and root borer (CSRB), Plocaederus ferrugineus L. was most serious and its occurrence was noticed through out the year with maximum (19.20%) during summer months. The Tea mosquito bug (TMB), Helopelfis antonii Sig. was observed in flushing to fruiting stage with maximum (3.66%) infeastation recorded in April as another major pest of cashew. The incidence of leaf thrips (0.78 mean numbers) was observed through out the year, yellow thrips and black thrips were recorded from January to May. The leaf caterpillars, leaf folder and leaf miner damage was noticed through out the year with 33.14, 17.14 and 9.20 per cent mean damage, respectively. The leaf and blossom webber, aphid, slug caterpillar, mealy bug, were appeared as minor pest in spring and cooler season, While, the coleopteran pests (leaf beetle, leaf weevil, ash weevil and leaf twisting weevil) as well as coreid bug, leaf hopper, tephretid fly, gundhi bug and termite were observed almost throughout the year with minor status. In natural enemies, the brumus, spiders, lady bird beetle, rove beetle(Paederus), black ants, red ant, green lace wings (Chrysopa), praying mantis and mirid bug were also observed round the year with mean population of 0.85, 0.59, 0.05, 0.02, 0.96,0.29,0.10,0.01, and 0.1 l respectively. The abiotic factors, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and wind velocity had significantly positive effect and relative humidity had significantly negatively effect on CSRB infestation. The maximum temperature, rainfall and evaporation positively influenced the TMB damage; while, relative humidity (morning & evening) influenced negatively. The minimum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity (evening) and vapour pressure (I) had negative influence on leaf thrips; whereas, bright sunshine hours correlated positively. Panicle thrips was positively influenced by maximum temperature, evaporation and bright sunshine; while relative humidity (morning and evening), vapour pressures (I and 11) and rainy days were negatively correlated. The maximum temperature and evaporation negatively influence the leaf caterpillar damage; while, relative humidity (morning) was positively correlated. Out of seventeen cashew cultivars screened against CSRB, three cultivars were found under tolerant category in which only one cultivars (Sel-2) had no infestation of CSRB; while, two cultivars (Ullal-2 and VRI-2) were having the lowest level of mean CSRB infestation (2.78%). Whereas, six cultivars were under the moderately tolerant group (5.56 to 8.33 % CSRB infestation) and six cultivars under susceptible group (1 1.1 1 to 13.89 % CSRB infestation); while only two cultivars were found under category of highly susceptible (>I 5.0% CSRB infestation). On the basis of overall performance and cost, among 10 prophylactic treatments evaluated against CSRB, the grease banding was significantly superior with cost of Rs. 10.00 per tree which have lowest CSRB infestation (8.33 %) followed by swabbing of Coal Tar + Kerosine (1:2) with cost of Rs. 12.00 per tree which have 9.38 per cent CSRB infestation. The distance of freshly infested free from heavily infested trees was minimum (4.82 m) in grease banding. The trees have more than I00 cm of stem girth were more prone to attack of CSRB (6.88 % infestation). The preferential zone of attack by CSRB was collar zone (9.17% trees infested). In ten curative treatments applied against CSRB, the chlorpyriphos (0.2%) was most suitable with cost of Rs.10.40 per tree which have lowest (12.96 %) re-infested trees followed by Fipronil 0.003%G and monocrotolphos treatment with cost of Rs. 6.20 and Rs. 6.72 per tree which have 16.67 and 20.37 per cent re-infested tree by CSRB, respectively. The mean duration free from CSRB re-infestation was highest in rnonocrotophos (81.67 days). The re-infestation was found maximum (38.52 %) in collar + stem zone. |
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Date |
2016-02-10T11:06:36Z
2016-02-10T11:06:36Z 2009 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/64259
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
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