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Effect of Irrigation and fertilizer Levels on Yiled and Quality of Suger Beet Grown on Clay Soils

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Title Effect of Irrigation and fertilizer Levels on Yiled and Quality of Suger Beet Grown on Clay Soils
 
Creator Pawar, S.L.
 
Contributor Patil, R.G.
 
Subject alcohols, biological phenomena, nitrogen, cryopreservation, carbohydrates, diseases, cryoprotectants, ethylene, eggs, storage
 
Description Experiment was conducted consecutively for two years (2011-12 and 2012-13) with tropical sugar beet crop (var. PAC 60008) on clay soils of two locations viz., Navsari (normal soil) and Danti (saline-sodic
soils). Sugar beet crop was grown on raised beds and the design employed in present experiment was RBD with factorial concept. The treatments comprised of three levels each of irrigation with drip system
(I1: 0.6 PEF, I2: 0.8 PEF and I3: 1.0 PEF) and fertilizer doses (FD) of N (120 kg ha-1) and K2O (60 kg ha-1) as F1: 75% of FD; F2: 100% of FD and F3: 125% of FD. Apart from these nine treatment combinations, one
control was kept where irrigation was applied by surface method (IW/CPE: 1, depth: 60 mm). The fertilizers were applied in split doses, wherein 10 per cent of N and K2O and full dose of P2O5 (60 kg ha-1) were
applied as basal (soil application). The remaining 90 per cent of N and K were applied through drip system in 10 equal splits at 8 to 10 days interval. In control, full dose of phosphate fertilizer and 50 per cent of N
and K2O were applied as basal, while remaining 50 per cent was applied in two equal splits at 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS). The drip system was laid by placing lateral spacing of 110 cm having 8 lph on line
drippers placed 80 cm apart and the system was operated on alternate day as per the treatments.
The pooled results of the two years experiment conducted at both the locations viz, Danti and Navsari indicated that yield and yield attributes were significantly affected by individual effect of irrigation and
fertilizer levels and interactively at Navsari location only. Among the yield attributing characters and yield of root and foliage at Navsari, plant height (foliage height, root length and total of both), root diameter, leaf
area index, fresh and dry root yield and fresh foliage yield were significantly higher with treatment receiving irrigation at 0.8 PEF (I2) and fertigation @ 100 per cent of N and K2O (F2 :100 and 60 kg ha-1,
respectively). While at Danti, the treatment receiving irrigation at 1.0 PEF (I3) and 125 per cent of N and K2O (F3) recorded significantly higher plant height characters, root diameter, leaf area index, yields of fresh root
and foliage and dry foliage. The root: foliage ratio was significantly higher with treatment receiving irrigation at 0.6 PEF and 75 per cent of N and K2O at both the locations.
The N content in root of sugar beet at Navsari as well as at Danti was significantly higher with treatment receiving 125 per cent FD over 75 per cent FD but was found to be at par with 100 per cent of FD. As far as
K content in root is concerned, 125 per cent and 100 per cent of FDs being at par with each other, but both these levels recorded significantly higher K content over 75 per cent of FD.
At Navsari, the content of P, S and Mg in foliage was significantly higher with fertilizer dose applied @ 75 per cent of FD in comparison to its higher levels. While at Danti, the Na content was found to be
significantly affected due to irrigation levels only, where irrigation at 0.6 PEF recorded significantly higher Na content as compared to the rest of the levels.
The uptake of N by root and shoot was significantly higher with treatment receiving 125 per cent of FD at both the locations. Among the irrigation levels at Navsari location, the treatment I2 (0.8 PEF) recorded
significantly higher N uptake by root. For the uptake of other nutrients viz, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn and Zn by root at Navsari was significantly lower in treatment receiving 75 per cent of FD as compared to rest of its
higher level, where both these higher levels were at par with each other. The nutrient uptake with respect to Na and Cu by root is concerned, it was significantly higher in treatment F3 (125 per cent of FD). At Danti,
the uptake values of P, K, Na, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu by root were at par between treatments receiving 100 and 125 per cent of FD but both these levels were superior over 75 per cent of FD.
The uptake of Na and S by foliage at Navsari was found to be affected significantly only due to irrigation levels, where irrigation at 0.8 and 1.0 PEF being at par with each other, recorded significantly higher
uptake over irrigation at 0.6 PEF. Among the fertilizer levels, uptake of all the nutrients was significantly higher with treatment receiving 125 per cent of FD as compared to 75 per cent of FD, but was tended to be at par with 100 per cent of FD for P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn uptake by foliage. At Danti, both irrigation and fertilizer levels could influence the nutrient uptake by foliage significantly, where uptake of P, K, Mg, S, Fe and Zn recorded with treatments receiving 125 per cent of FD and 100 per cent of FD were at par each other, but both these levels recorded significantly higher values as compared to 75 per cent of FD.
The bio-chemical analysis of sugar beet juice indicated that Na content in juice was significantly more at both the locations with treatment I1 (0.6 PEF) than rest of the levels. Among the fertilizer levels
at Navsari, fertilizer application @ 60 per cent of FD recorded relatively higher TSS. Further, at Danti, the K content was significantly higher in treatment F3 (125% of FD), however the TSS (Brix %) was found to be
higher in control as compared to drip mean. The recoverable sugar yield calculated based on the Na, K and ∞-Amino-N content indicated that at Navsari the treatment combination I2F2, i.e., irrigation at 0.8 PEF with
100 per cent FD registered higher recoverable sugar over rest of the treatment combinations. At Danti, among individual treatments, irrigation at 1.0 PEF and fertilizer @ 125 per cent of FD recorded relatively higher recoverable sugar yields.
Soil samples analyzed after harvest of crop indicated that drip irrigation significantly reduced the soil salinity as compared to surface irrigation method at both Navsari as well as Danti. In case of soil sodicity
at Danti, it was found to decrease from initial value of 11.3 to 8.80 with drip irrigation (mean). In contrast, the ESP of soil increased to 12.61 during the two years of experimentation in surface method of irrigation.
As far as N, P2O5 and K2O content in soil is concerned, it was found to be significantly higher during second year at Navsari location, where 125 per cent of FD recorded significantly higher content as compared to 75
per cent of FD only. In case of micronutrients, it was found to decrease slightly over initial values but was well above the critical limits. This was also true for Danti location.
The amount of water applied at 0.8 PEF irrigation level at Navsari was 487 mm and water use efficiency of 106 kg hamm-1 and the corresponding values at this level at Danti were 666 mm and 54 kg
hamm-1. The water saving over control at 0.8 PEF irrigation level at Navsari was 22 per cent that at Danti it was 27 per cent. Economics calculated based on fresh sugar beet yield of root and foliage at Navsari indicated that the net income realized was higher in treatment receiving irrigation at 0.8 PEF with 100 per cent of FD which
was 10 per cent more than control. Similar was the case at Danti also, but on individual factor basis only.
Based on the results of two year experiments conducted at Navsari and Danti, it is concluded that sugar beet has shown positive response to rate of irrigation and fertilizer application. Further, it seems to be a
potential crop to be grown profitably on clay and even on coastal salt affected soils.
 
Date 2016-04-30T12:32:10Z
2016-04-30T12:32:10Z
2014
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65684
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher NAU