FARMERS’ PERCEPTION AND ADOPTION OF GROUNDNUT PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
KrishiKosh
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Title |
FARMERS’ PERCEPTION AND ADOPTION OF GROUNDNUT PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
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Creator |
GORFAD PARBAT SAIVA
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Contributor |
Thakrar D. M.
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Subject |
groundnuts
EXTENSION EDUCATION |
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Description |
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) is one of the vastly cultivated oilseed crops in the world as it is cultivated in more than 100 countries and that is why it is referred to as a universal crop. India has largest area under groundnut (7.6 million hectares) in the world comprising 30 per cent of global area and 22 per cent (7.8 million tonnes) of world’s production. In India, Gujarat is the leading State in groundnut cultivation in both area and production with 1.86 million hectares and 2.57 million tonnes, respectively. Groundnut cultivation in Gujarat predominantly concentrated in Saurashtra region. Groundnut is cultivated across the region on 1.64 million hectares of land with output of 2.25 million tones nut in shell. North Saurashtra region of Gujarat state has 1.14 million hectares under groundnut and produces 1.44 million tonnes nut in shell with an average yield of 1327 kg/ha which is less than the average of South Saurashtra region i.e. 1762 kg/ha. There is a wide scope to enhance the groundnut production per unit area. However, the productivity of groundnut crop is low, because majority of groundnut growers do not know and adopt recommended groundnut production technology. The perception of farmers plays a crucial role in adoption of groundnut production technology. Generally the groundnut cultivation in this region is affected by inadequate, uncertain and erratic rainfall, infestation by pest and diseases, and losses during post harvest operations. In addition to these factors, the level of perception, extent of adoption and a range of personal, socio-economic, psychological and extension communication factors are also important which influence the groundnut production in the study area. Hence, it is worthwhile to assess the level of Perception of the farmers about groundnut production technology and factors which hindering the adoption. Keeping this in view, a study entitled “Farmers’ Perception and Adoption of groundnut production Technology” was undertaken with the following objectives: 1. To develop and standardize a scale to measure the farmers’ Perception of groundnut production technology. 2. To assess the farmers’ perception of groundnut production technology. 3. To assess the farmers’ adoption of groundnut production technology. 4. To study the profile of groundnut growers of Jamnagar and Rajkot districts of North Saurashtra Agro climatic Zone. 5. To ascertain the relationship between perception and adoption of groundnut growers and their profile. 6. To know the extent of variation of selected independent variables on the perception and adoption of groundnut growers. 7. To elicit the constraints in adoption of improved groundnut production technology faced by groundnut growers and to seek their suggestions to overcome the same. In order to realize the objectives of the study 180 farmers were selected from 15 villages of 6 talukas of Jamnagar and Rajkot districts of north Saurashtra agro climatic zone by employing purposive, proportionate and multi-stage random sampling technique. In this study, the dependent variables (perception and adoption) and independent variables (age, education, farm size, herd size, annual income, groundnut crop intensity, groundnut yield Index, irrigation potentiality, farm mechanization, social participation, innovativeness, risk orientation, achievement motivation, attitude towards modern agriculture, mass media exposure, extension participation and participation in training) were selected based on review of literature and consultation with the experts. Perception scale was developed and standardized for measurement of perception of groundnut production technology. The extent of adoption of groundnut growers was measured by developing the teacher made scales. The selected independent variables were measured either with the help of scales developed by other researchers or structured schedules developed for the purpose. The data were collected by personal interview method with the help of structured interview schedule. The data so collected were coded, classified, tabulated and analyzed in order to make meaningful conclusions as under; Majority of the groundnut growers were in middle aged, medium level of education, medium farm size, medium herd size, medium annual income, medium groundnut crop intensity, medium groundnut yield index, medium irrigation potentiality, medium farm mechanization, medium social participation, medium innovativeness, medium risk orientation, medium achievement motivation, medium attitude towards modern agriculture, medium mass media exposure, medium extension participation, medium participation in training, medium perception and medium adoption. The majority of farmers (66.67 percent) were in medium perception category followed by high (22.00 percent) and low (13.33 percent) perception category respectively. Farmers perceived production technology as an important aspect of groundnut cultivation. Majority of the groundnut growers (64.44 per cent) were medium adopters of the groundnut cultivation practices. Whereas, 18.89 per cent were low and 16.67 per cent were high adopters of the groundnut production technology. The cent percent of the farmers adopted threshing after proper drying with thresher by selection of variety, keep the crop free from weeds for 45 days after sowing, after removing the residues of previous crops soil prepared to a good tilth, selecting of healthy and disease free seeds, gap filling is done in 10 days after sowing and Harvesting at right maturity in descending order. Post harvest management practices like stacking the bags on wooden planks keeping a meter gap from the walls in a well aerated place, grading by removing immature and insect or mechanically damaged pods and storing the pods in new/clean polythene lined gunny bags, and use of bio agents i.e. seed treatment with Rhizobium culture, use NPV 250 LE for prodenia and heliothis or spray BT powder @ 1 kg/ha were the practices which less adopted by groundnut growers. There was positive and significant association was observed between perception, education, farm size, annual income, groundnut crop intensity, groundnut yield index, irrigation potentiality, farm mechanization index, social participation, innovativeness, risk orientation, achievement motivation, attitude towards modern agriculture, mass media exposure, extension participation and participation in training, whereas, negative and significant association between perception and age of the groundnut grower was observed. There was positive and significant association between adoption, education, annual income, groundnut crop intensity, groundnut yield index, farm mechanization, innovativeness, risk orientation, achievement motivation, attitude towards modern agriculture, mass media exposure, extension participation in training and perception, whereas, positive and non-significant association was observed with herd size and social participation and age of the respondents was negatively and non-significantly associated with the extent of adoption. Seventeen variables contributed towards 69.22 per cent (R2 = 0.6922) variation in perception. Out of these, only eight variables had significantly contributed towards variation in perception. The contribution of these variables from highest to lowest is innovativeness, adoption, farm size, education, annual income, extension participation, attitude towards modern agriculture and mass media exposure. Fifteen variables contributed towards 61.30 per cent (R2 = 0.6130) variation in extent of adoption. Out of these, only five variables had significantly contributed towards variation in extent of adoption. The contribution of these variables from highest to lowest is perception, innovativeness, annual income, extension participation and farm size. The most important constraints in adoption of groundnut production technology were; unavailability of certified seeds from government authorized agencies at right time followed by shortage of labour during critical operations especially at harvest and post harvest stages, irregular, erratic and insufficient electric power supply at the time of critical stages of irrigation, unreasonable price of farm produce, difficulty in use of fertilizers due to increased prices and in time availability, genuine problem of damage caused by Neelgay and Bhund, lack of sufficient micro irrigation facilities (sprinkler irrigation system) for providing supplemental irrigation, high labour wages, lack of awareness about recommended GPT, complicated recommendation to understand i.e. doses are on hectare bases, lack of awareness about integrated nutrient management, lack of knowledge about the importance of seed treatment with fungicides, high price and unavailability of organic manure and lack of awareness about importance of gypsum (61.11 per cent). The most important suggestion offered by farmers were made available certified seeds from government authorized agencies at right time, provision of remunerative price of farm produce, required quantity of fertilizers should be made available in time at subsidized rate, regular electric power supply with proper voltage should be made available, creating awareness on the efficient use of micro irrigation system, government should take some measure to protect the field of farmers from the damage caused by Neelgay and Bhund , imparting training programmes for the farmers on production technology aspects of groundnut prior to monsoon, educating the farmers about the role of bio agents in controlling pests and diseases, and timely supply of required inputs to farmers through government agencies. |
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Date |
2016-09-21T17:24:46Z
2016-09-21T17:24:46Z 2012-01 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/78218
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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