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AGRO-TECHNIQUES TO MINE SOIL RESERVE PHOSPHORUS IN CULTIVATION OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

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Title AGRO-TECHNIQUES TO MINE SOIL RESERVE PHOSPHORUS IN CULTIVATION OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
 
Creator TUSHAR SUDHAKAR, GAHUKAR
 
Contributor VEERARAGHAVAIAH, RAVURI
 
Subject application methods, farmyard manure, yields, maize, fertilizers, crops, organic fertilizers, planting, inorganic acid salts, biological development
AGRO-TECHNIQUES,PHOSPHORUS,MAIZE,Zea mays L.
 
Description continued use of straight phosphatic fertilizers in yester years and
excessive use of complex fertilizers in recent years, especially DAP, coupled
with usual low phosphorus use efficiency of crops made the cultivated soil high
at phosphorus status. Escalating costs of phosphatic fertilizers and
environmental concerns of excessive use of phosphatic fertilizers have been
prompting the researchers to develop alternative strategies to meet crop
phosphorus needs through agronomic management that enhances solubilization
of soil fixed phosphorus. Accordingly, a field experiment was carried out at the
Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla, on clay loam soil during rabi season of
2009-2010 to study the effect of certain agro-techniques to mine soil reserve
phosphorus in cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment
comprised of fifteen treatments, viz; five organic/inorganic treatments
(1. No application of organic manure or no fertilizer P; 2. Application of FYM
@ 5 t ha-1; 3. Green manuring in situ with sunnhemp; 4. Application of
phosphorus fertilizer @ 50% of recommended dose i.e 30 kg P 2O5 ha-1 and
5. Application of 100% recommended dose of phosphorus fertilizer i.e 60 kg
P2O5 ha-1) and three inoculation treatments (1. No inoculation or no phosphorus
fertilization; 2. Soil inoculation of Phosphate Solubulizing Bacteria @ 2.5 kg
ha-1 and 3. Soil inoculation of Vesicular Arbusicular Mycorrhizae @ 5 kg ha-1)
arranged in a randomized block design with factorial concept and replicated
thrice.
The growth parameters measured in the study such as plant height, dry
matter accumulation were significantly increased by the application of FYM
along with PSB than those measured with the any other combination applied.
Application of FYM @ 5 t ha-1, irrespective of inoculations significantly,
increased all the growth parameters studied. Between PSB and VAM
inoculations, the PSB inoculation showed significant improvement in all the
growth parameters studied.
Maize kernel and stover yield was significantly influenced by different
treatment combinations studied. As was noticed with all the growth and yield
attributing parameters, kernel yield (7812 kg ha-1) recorded with the combined
application of FYM and PSB was the highest of all. Application of organic
manure i.e., FYM and green manure individually, and application of fertilizer P
alone either at 50% or 100% of the recommended dose were found equally
effective in increasing kernel yield but significantly superior to that of control
(no manure/P or inoculation). Soil inoculation either with PSB or VAM
significantly increased the kernel yield compared to that of no inoculation. The
inoculation with PSB alone, however, was even on a par with that of many
treatment combinations except that, when it was applied together with FYM,
which recorded the highest kernel yield. Application of fertilizer P either 50%
or 100% of the recommended dose, was no better than the application of FYM
alone or green manure in situ alone either with PSB or with VAM was as
effective as that of application of fertilizer P even at 100% recommended dose.
Overall, from this study, it can be concluded that there is equal need for
P fertilization and agro-techniques when maize crop is grown on soil of
medium to high phosphorus status. Instead of using higher doses of phosphatic
fertilizers, it is better to use lower doses of phosphatic fertilizer and adopt
various agro-techniques to solubilize soil fixed phosphorus. Inoculation with
phosphate
solubilizing micro-organisms along with organic manures
significantly increased solubility of phosphorus in cultivation of maize.
Among different agro-techniques studied, application of FYM along with the
phosphate solubilizing micro-organisms i.e. PSB or VAM increased the
phosphorus solubility in cultivation of maize on clay loam soil that had
medium to high initial soil test value for P. All the agronomic strategies
followed in the experiment had met the phosphorus requirement of maize
grown on soil of medium to high phosphorus status. Research on these lines in
future would broaden the scope of agro-techniques in meeting the phosphorus
requirement of crop grown on soil having medium to high initial soil test value
for P and reducing the utilization of higher doses of expensive phosphatic
fertilizers.
 
Date 2016-05-31T14:40:21Z
2016-05-31T14:40:21Z
2010
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66493
 
Language en
 
Relation D9007;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY