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STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) GENOTYPES AND HYBRID PURITY TEST EMPLOYING SSR MARKERS

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Title STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench) GENOTYPES AND HYBRID PURITY TEST EMPLOYING SSR MARKERS
 
Creator SUDARSHAN PATIL, K
 
Contributor SURESH, J
 
Subject genetics, sorghum, genotypes, hybrids, planting, purity, polymorphism, dna, rice, sowing
Sorghum bicolor L.Moench
 
Description In the present investigation, forty six genotypes of sorghum and three F1
hybrids were evaluated for genetic diversity and hybrid purity test respectively by
employing morphological and SSR markers. The experiment was laid out in
randomized block design for genetic diversity assessment with three replications
and 400 plants of each of three hybrids for Grow-out test were grown at
experimental field of Directorate of Sorghum Research (DSR), Rajendranagar,
Hyderabad during Rabi 2010.
Studies of genetic variability revealed high phenotypic and genotypic
coefficients of variation, heritability and genetic advance as percent mean for the
traits viz., peduncle length, plant height, panicle weight and number of primary
branches per panicle indicating simple selection can be practiced for improvement
of these characters.
Morphological divergence by Euclidian2 method indicated the existence of
significant diversity among genotypes which were grouped into thirteen clusters.
Peduncle length, plant height and panicle weight at maturity contributed maximum
towards genetic diversity. The Cluster XII recorded higher mean value for days to
50% flowering, plant height, total number of leaves, panicle weight, number of
primary branches, grain yield per panicle and test weight. Clusters I and Cluster III
were recorded considerably lower mean value for days to fifty per cent flowering
and higher mean value for panicle weight, grain yield, plant height at maturity,
number of primary branches per panicle and test weight. Hence crosses between
genotypes selected from these clusters may be useful to develop early varieties with
increased number of branches per panicle and grain yield.
Analysis for molecular diversity was carried out employing SSR markers.
Among the 42 SSRs employed, 32 were polymorphic. The PIC value ranges from
0.02 to 0.74. Cluster analysis revealed a dendrogram with range of 0.53 to 0.95
similarity indicating considerable amount of diversity among the genotypes.
Cluster I consists of 1 genotype with 48% dissimilarity. Cluster II consists of 22
genotypes revealed 42% dissimilarly which is sub grouped into 6 sub-clusters viz.,
IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, IIE and IIF. Cluster III consists of 23 genotypes which revealed
40% of dissimilarity which is again sub grouped into 3 sub-clusters namely IIIA,
IIIB and IIIC.
Cluster IIA consisted of 3 genotypes with genetic dissimilarity of only
14% with the rest of genotypes of cluster II. Cluster IIB, IIC and IID consisted of
5, 3 and 3 genotypes with a genetic dissimilarity of 35%, 16% and 21%
respectively. Similarly, genotypes of cluster IIE and IIF recorded 34% and 37% of
dissimilarity respectively. Cluster III which was subgrouped into three clusters.
Solitary cluster IIIA showed genetic dissimilarity of 39% and remaining two
clusters IIIB and IIIC both recorded 33% of genetic dissimilarity.
Both molecular and morphological analysis gave quite similar results but
Molecular marker (SSR) more informative and could group the genotypes into
different clusters. Both can be complimentary for assessment of diversity and
genotype identification.
A total of 42 genomic SSRs analyzed with five parental lines of three
commercial hybrids. Nine markers showed polymorphism between the parents.
The markers Xtxp 10, Xtxp 15, Xtxp 145, Xtxp 343, Xtxp 312, msbCIR 238,
msbCIR 286, Xgap 10 and SbAGB 02 markers found to be specific for parental
lines of CSH 9, CSH 13 and CSH 14 hybrids. Genetic purity assessment with
molecular markers showed 2-3% more efficiency in detecting impurities in
commercial hybrids as compared to Grow-out test.
Results of GOT and molecular data were effective in assessment of genetic
purity. In addition, this SSR marker-based genetic purity testing would save the
cost of hybrid seed storage for a whole season and the cost incurred on GOT. This
assay can be used by the public and private seed companies for accurate and
reliable detection of off-types in commercial sorghum hybrid seed lots for ensuring
the supply of good quality seeds to the market.
 
Date 2016-06-09T12:19:56Z
2016-06-09T12:19:56Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67101
 
Language en
 
Relation D8869;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY